Prevalence of Iodine Deficiency among School Children from New Settlement in Kyrgyzstan
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Participants
2.3. Ethical Considerations
2.4. Measurement
2.5. Statistical Methods
3. Results
General Characteristics of Participants
4. Discussion
Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Items | Category | n | % | Mean(SD) | Min–Max |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | Boy | 500 | 47.3 | ||
Girl | 558 | 52.7 | |||
Age | 7–9 | 407 | 38.5 | 10.7 (2.64) | 7–15 |
10–12 | 325 | 30.7 | |||
13–15 | 326 | 30.8 | |||
Weight (kg) | Z score ≤ −2 | 76 | 7.2 | 32.8 (6.37) | 21–60 |
Height (cm) | Z score ≤ −2 | 31 | 2.9 | 142.66 (12.24) | 120.6–167.2 |
Age Group | Gender | n | BMI Percentile | SD | BMI z-Score | SD | Height (cm) | SD | Stunted: Z Score < −2 (n) | X2 | Weight (kg) | SD | Underweight: Z Score < −2 (n) | X2 | Signs of Iodine Deficiency (Mean, SD) | Signs of Iodine Deficiency (Median, SE) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
7–9 years | M | 199 | 29.7 | 30.12 | 0.32 | 0.60 | 129.9 | 4.72 | 0 | 27.6 | 2.09 | 0 | 1.9 (1.52) | 2 (0.10) | ||
F | 208 | 23.8 | 28.51 | 0.21 | 0.52 | 129.5 | 4.94 | 0 | 27.2 | 1.88 | 0 | 2.2 (1.70) | 2 (0.11) | |||
subtotal | 407 | 26.7 | 29.42 | 0.26 | 0.56 | 129.7 | 4.83 | 0 | 27.4 | 2.00 | 0 | 2.0 (1.62) | 2 (0.08) | |||
10–12 years | M | 142 | 1.9 | 4.03 | −1.04 | 0.79 | 146.1 | 5.48 | 2 | 33.3 | 2.36 | 0 | 2.6 (1.66) | 3 (0.13) | ||
F | 183 | 2.7 | 5.59 | −1.02 | 0.80 | 145.9 | 5.43 | 5 | 33.1 | 2.27 | 2 | 2.6 (1.87) | 3 (0.13) | |||
subtotal | 325 | 2.3 | 4.98 | −1.03 | 0.79 | 146.0 | 5.45 | 7 | 33.2 | 2.31 | 2 | 2.6 (1.78) | 3 (0.09) | |||
13–15 years | M | 159 | 0.6 | 2.10 | −1.61 | 1.35 | 154.2 | 6.93 | 20 | 38.7 | 6.42 | 44 | 3.0 (1.82) | 3 (0.14) | ||
F | 167 | 0.2 | 0.62 | −1.64 | 1.35 | 156.8 | 5.87 | 4 | 39.8 | 6.72 | 30 | 3.1 (1.55) | 3 (0.12) | |||
subtotal | 326 | 0.4 | 1.54 | −1.62 | 1.35 | 155.5 | 6.53 | 24 | 39.2 | 6.59 | 74 | 3.1 (1.6) | 3 (0.09) | |||
Total | 1058 | 11.1 | 22.20 | −0.72 | 1.24 | 142.7 | 12.24 | 31 (2.9%) | <0.001 | 32.8 | 6.37 | 76 (7.2%) | <0.001 | 2 (0.05) |
Age Groups | n | % | Height (cm) | Stunted: Z Score < −2 (n) | X2 | Weight (kg) | Underweight: Z Score < −2 (n) | X2 | TSH (mU/L) | FreeT4 (ng/dL) | Perceived Cognitive Signs of Iodine Deficiency | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fast Fatigue | Declined Memory and School Performance | Decreased Concentration and Attention | ||||||||||||
7–9 years | Boy | 16 | 9.6 | 130.6 (±5.72) | 0 | 27.4 (±2.21) | 0 | 3.2 (±0.55) | 1.2 (±0.16) | 13 | 13 | 13 | ||
Girl | 43 | 59 | 131.9 (±4.42) | 0 | 27.8 (±1.43) | 0 | 2.8 (±0.68) | 1.7 (±1.53) | 37 | 37 | 37 | |||
Subtotal | 59 | 131.5 (±4.79) | 0 | 27.7 (±1.66) | 0 | 2.9 (±0.65) | 1.6 (±1.29) | 50 | 50 | 50 | ||||
10–12 years | Boy | 36 | 21.6 | 145.9 (±5.21) | 1 | 33.2 (±1.77) | 0 | 2.9 (±0.54) | 1.4 (±0.26) | 32 | 32 | 32 | ||
Girl | 38 | 22.8 | 144.2 (±4.98) | 2 | 31.9 (±1.84) | 1 | 3.1 (±0.49) | 1.3 (±0.23) | 30 | 30 | 30 | |||
Subtotal | 74 | 145.0 (±5.12) | 3 | 32.5 (±1.92) | 1 | 3.0 (±0.52) | 1.4 (±0.25) | 62 | 62 | 62 | ||||
13–15 years | Boy | 15 | 9.0 | 152.1 (±4.25) | 0 | 35.4 (±3.38) | 8 | 3.0 (±0.30) | 1.4 (±0.27) | 11 | 11 | 11 | ||
Girl | 19 | 11.4 | 146.2 (±9.84) | 4 | 35.1 (±2.51) | 7 | 3.0 (±0.41) | 1.5 (±0.20) | 18 | 18 | 18 | |||
Subtotal | 34 | 148.8 (±8.31) | 4 | 35.3 (±2.88) | 15 | 3.0 (±0.34) | 1.5 (±0.24) | 29 | 29 | 29 | ||||
Overall | 167 | 141.0 (±9.21) | 7(4.2%) | 0.024 | 31.4 (±3.55) | 16(9.6%) | <0.001 | 2.97 (±.54) | 1.47 (±0.82) | 141 | 141 | 141 |
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Urmatova, B.; Shin, H.; Shon, S.; Abdyldayeva, Z.; Ishaeva, E.; Knyazeva, V. Prevalence of Iodine Deficiency among School Children from New Settlement in Kyrgyzstan. Children 2021, 8, 817. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8090817
Urmatova B, Shin H, Shon S, Abdyldayeva Z, Ishaeva E, Knyazeva V. Prevalence of Iodine Deficiency among School Children from New Settlement in Kyrgyzstan. Children. 2021; 8(9):817. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8090817
Chicago/Turabian StyleUrmatova, Begaiym, Hyunsook Shin, Soonyoung Shon, Zeinep Abdyldayeva, Elmira Ishaeva, and Valeriya Knyazeva. 2021. "Prevalence of Iodine Deficiency among School Children from New Settlement in Kyrgyzstan" Children 8, no. 9: 817. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8090817