An Overview on Acute Malnutrition and Food Insecurity among Children during the Conflict in Yemen
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
Ethical Consideration
3. Results
Food Security at the Household Level
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Definition |
---|---|
Exclusively breastfed | The infant under six months was only breastfed. No other liquids (even water) or solids were given, with the exception of medicine. |
Breastfeeding during the survey | The child was still breastfed up to the age of two |
Suspected measles | The child was suffering from fever, rash, and cough and/or conjunctivitis, and they were diagnosed clinically as suspected measles by medical staff in a health facility. |
Diarrheal | Passage of three or more loose stools per day |
Fever | Temperature identified by mothers above the normal (subjective) |
Vaccination status | If child had all vaccinations or some of them (BCG for TB, OPV for Polio, Pentavalent, Rotavirus C, and MCV for Measles) |
Characteristics | Children | ||
---|---|---|---|
Number | Percentage | ||
Governorate | Sana’a | 2368 | 45% |
Ibb | 2908 | 55% | |
Sex | Male | 2777 | 52.6% |
Female | 2499 | 47.4% | |
Age group | >6 months | 270 | 5.1% |
6–23 months | 1522 | 28.8% | |
24–59 months | 3484 | 66% |
Classification. | Moderate Acute Malnutrition | Severe Acute Malnutrition | Global Acute Malnutrition | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WHZ | MUAC | WHZ | MUAC | WHZ | MUAC | |
<6 months | 23 (8.5%) | 31 (11.5%) | 54 (20%) | |||
6–23 months | 175 (11.5%) | 267 (17.5%) | 106 (7%) | 189 (12.4%) | 281 (18.5%) | 456 (29.9%) |
24–59 months | 247 (7%) | 286 (8.8%) | 120 (3.4%) | 122 (3.5%) | 367 (10.5%) | 408 (11.6%) |
Total | 445 (8.4%) | 600 (11.3%) | 257 (4.9%) | 337 (6.3%) | 702 (13.3%) | 937 (17.6%) |
Health Factors | Ibb | Sana’a | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | N | % | ||
Exclusively breastfed children under six months | Yes | 61.0 | 55% | 44.0 | 33% |
No | 50.0 | 45% | 89.0 | 67% | |
Breastfeeding during the survey time | Yes | 704.0 | 24.2% | 559.0 | 23.6% |
No | 2214.0 | 74.8% | 1814.0 | 76.4% | |
Suspected measles history in the week prior the survey | Yes | 49.0 | 2% | 33.0 | 1.4% |
No | 2871.0 | 98% | 2340.0 | 98.6% | |
Diarrheal history in the week prior the survey | Yes | 800.0 | 31.8% | 596.0 | 25% |
No | 2121.0 | 68.2% | 1777.0 | 75% | |
Fever history in the week prior the survey | Yes | 897.0 | 35.3% | 742.0 | 31.3% |
No | 1644.0 | 64.7% | 16310 | 68.7% | |
Cough history in the week prior the survey | Yes | 856.0 | 33.5% | 788.0. | 33.2% |
No | 1703.0 | 66.5% | 1585.0 | 66.8% | |
Vaccination status | Yes | 2449.0 | 93.9% | 2029.0 | 92% |
No | 82.0 | 3.1% | 102.0 | 4.6% | |
Unknown | 77.0 | 3.0% | 76.0 | 3.4% |
Health Factors—History of Disease in the Week Prior to Survey | Adequate Nutritional Status | Moderate Acute Malnutrition | Severe Acute Malnutrition | p-Value Chi-Square | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | N | % | N | % | |||
suspected measles | Yes | 60 | 1.4% | 7 | 1.2% | 15 | 4.5% | p < 0.000 |
No | 4305 | 98.6% | 584 | 98.8% | 322 | 95.5 | ||
Diarrhea | Yes | 1105 | 25.3% | 162 | 27.4% | 128 | 38% | p < 0.000 |
No | 3260 | 74.7% | 429 | 72.6% | 209 | 62% | ||
Fever | Yes | 1337 | 30.6% | 180 | 30.5% | 127 | 37.7% | p < 0.025 |
No | 3028 | 69.4% | 411 | 69.5% | 210 | 62.3% | ||
Cough | Yes | 1320 | 30.2% | 189 | 32.0% | 130 | 38.6 | p < 0.005 |
No | 3045 | 69.8 | 402 | 68.0% | 207 | 61.4% |
Source of Family Food | Ibb N (%) | Sana’a N (%) | Total N (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Agriculture | 715 (32.1%) | 582 (28.9%) | 1297 (30.5%) |
Market | 1848 (83%) | 1743 (86.6%) | 3591 (84.7%) |
Humanitarian Assistance | 127 (5.7%) | 334 (16.6%) | 461 (10.9%) |
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Dureab, F.; Al-Falahi, E.; Ismail, O.; Al-Marhali, L.; Al Jawaldeh, A.; Nuri, N.N.; Safary, E.; Jahn, A. An Overview on Acute Malnutrition and Food Insecurity among Children during the Conflict in Yemen. Children 2019, 6, 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/children6060077
Dureab F, Al-Falahi E, Ismail O, Al-Marhali L, Al Jawaldeh A, Nuri NN, Safary E, Jahn A. An Overview on Acute Malnutrition and Food Insecurity among Children during the Conflict in Yemen. Children. 2019; 6(6):77. https://doi.org/10.3390/children6060077
Chicago/Turabian StyleDureab, Fekri, Eshraq Al-Falahi, Osan Ismail, Lina Al-Marhali, Ayoub Al Jawaldeh, Nazmun Nahar Nuri, Elvis Safary, and Albrecht Jahn. 2019. "An Overview on Acute Malnutrition and Food Insecurity among Children during the Conflict in Yemen" Children 6, no. 6: 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/children6060077
APA StyleDureab, F., Al-Falahi, E., Ismail, O., Al-Marhali, L., Al Jawaldeh, A., Nuri, N. N., Safary, E., & Jahn, A. (2019). An Overview on Acute Malnutrition and Food Insecurity among Children during the Conflict in Yemen. Children, 6(6), 77. https://doi.org/10.3390/children6060077