Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions for Self-Regulatory Failures in Adolescents Suffering from Externalizing Symptoms: A Scoping Review
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Externalizing Symptoms
1.2. Self-Regulation Processes
1.3. SR Failures and EXT Symptoms
1.4. Adolescence
1.5. The Current Scoping Review
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Procedure
2.2. Search Strategy
2.3. Study Categorization
2.3.1. Type of Samples
2.3.2. SR Processes
2.3.3. Psychopathological Symptoms
2.3.4. Intervention Type
2.4. Data Synthesis
3. Results
3.1. Descriptive
3.2. Crossing Information and Network Analyses
3.2.1. Intervention Stage by Origin
3.2.2. Intervention Stage by Intervention Type
3.2.3. Intervention Type by Psychopathological Symptoms and SR Processes
3.2.4. Intervention Stage by SR Processes and Psychopathological Symptoms
4. Discussion
4.1. Hubs
4.2. Origin Bias and Cultural Aspects
4.3. Gaps and Recommendation of Research Agenda
4.4. Comparison with Previous Reviews and Meta-Analyses
4.5. Limitations
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
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Variables | Categories | n (%) of Studies |
---|---|---|
Publication’s year | 1968–1980 | 24 (10.0) |
1981–1990 | 32 (13.4) | |
1991–2000 | 39 (16.3) | |
2001–2010 | 48 (20.1) | |
2011–2020 | 96 (40.1) | |
Study’s origin | North America | 170 (71.1) |
Europe | 32 (13.4) | |
Asia | 15 (6.3) | |
Australia | 12 (5.0) | |
Africa | 3 (1.3) | |
South America | 1 (0.4) | |
Not reported | 6 (2.5) | |
Study design | Randomized controlled trial | 96 (40.2) |
Open label | 50 (20.9) | |
Controlled trial | 42 (17.6) | |
ABAB design | 17 (7.1) | |
Single case | 11 (4.6) | |
Multiple cases | 9 (3.8) | |
Qualitative | 5 (2.1) | |
ABBA crossover | 3 (1.3) | |
Others | 6 (2.5) | |
Intervention stage | Universal prevention | 30 (12.6) |
Selective prevention | 75 (31.4) | |
Indicated prevention | 87 (36.4) | |
Treatment | 47 (19.7) | |
Intervention type | Curriculum-based interventions | 75 (31.4) |
Cognitive-based interventions | 43 (18.0) | |
Family-based interventions | 27 (11.3) | |
Emotional-based interventions | 26 (10.9) | |
Social-based interventions | 24 (10.0) | |
Mind-based interventions | 21 (8.8) | |
Externally mediated interventions | 12 (5.0) | |
Body-based interventions | 11 (4.6) | |
SR process * | Cognition | 192 (47.7) |
Emotion | 103 (25.6) | |
Social | 98 (24.4) | |
Physiological | 9 (2.2) | |
EXT symptom * | Aggressiveness | 105 (29.8) |
Conduct problems | 76 (21.6) | |
Irritability/anger dysregulation | 57 (16.2) | |
Delinquency/offending | 55 (15.6) | |
Impulsivity | 32 (9.1) | |
Substance use | 16 (4.5) | |
Hyperactivity | 9 (2.6) | |
Sexual risky behaviors | 2 (0.6) | |
INT symptom * | Depressive symptoms | 39 (37.8) |
Anxiety | 38 (36.9) | |
Somatization | 25 (24.3) | |
Self-injurious behaviors | 1 (1.0) |
Type of Intervention | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body | Cognitive | Curriculum | Emotional | Externally Mediated | Family | Mind | Social | Total | ||
Stage | Universal | 1/0.4 | 1/0.4 | 9/3.8 | 2/0.8 | 0/0 | 8/3.3 | 5/2.1 | 4/1.7 | 30/12.6 |
Selective | 2/0.8 | 17/7.1 | 24/10.0 | 14/5.9 | 4/1.7 | 5/2.1 | 4/1.7 | 5/2.1 | 75/31.4 | |
Indicated | 6/2.5 | 14/5.9 | 28/11.7 | 5/2.1 | 5/2.1 | 11/4.6 | 7/2.9 | 11/4.6 | 87/36.4 | |
Treatment | 2/0.8 | 11/4.6 | 14/5.9 | 5/2.1 | 3/1.3 | 3/1.3 | 5/2.1 | 4/1.7 | 47/19.7 | |
Total | 11/4.5 | 43/18 | 75/31.4 | 26/10.9 | 12/5.1 | 27/11.3 | 21/8.8 | 24/10.1 | 239/100 |
Intervention Type | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body | Cognitive | Curriculum | Emotional | Externally Mediated | Family | Mind | Social | Total | ||
Self-regulation | Cognition | 7/1.7 | 42/10.4 | 68/17.0 | 14/3.5 | 6/1.5 | 17/4.2 | 19/4.7 | 19/4.7 | 192/47.8 |
Social | 2/0.5 | 8/2.0 | 33/8.2 | 5/1.2 | 7/1.7 | 21/5.2 | 4/1.0 | 18/4.5 | 98/24.4 | |
Emotion | 5/1.2 | 9/2.2 | 36/9.0 | 23/5.7 | 9/2.2 | 9/2.2 | 11/2.7 | 1/0.2 | 103/25.6 | |
Physiological | 5/1.2 | 0/0 | 2/0.5 | 1/0.2 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1/0.2 | 0/0 | 9/2.2 | |
Total | 19/4.7 | 59/14.7 | 139/34.6 | 43/10.7 | 22/5.5 | 47/11. | 35/8.7 | 38/9.4 | 402/100 | |
Symptoms | Aggressiveness | 5/1.1 | 12/2.6 | 34/7.5 | 12/2.6 | 7/1.5 | 14/3.1 | 12/2.6 | 9/2.0 | 105/23.2 |
Conduct problems | 0/0 | 12/2.6 | 27/6.0 | 7/1.5 | 4/0.9 | 8/1.8 | 6/1.3 | 12/2.6 | 76/16.8 | |
Delinquency | 0/0 | 6/1.3 | 19/4.2 | 1/0.2 | 2/0.4 | 16/3.5 | 5/1.1 | 5/1.1 | 54/11.9 | |
Hyperactivity | 1/0.2 | 2/0.4 | 0/0 | 2/0.4 | 1/0.2 | 1/0.2 | 2/0.4 | 0/0 | 9/2.0 | |
Impulsivity | 2/0.4 | 8/1.8 | 11/2.4 | 3/0.7 | 1/0.2 | 1/0.2 | 4/0.9 | 2/0.4 | 32/7.1 | |
Irritability/anger dys. | 3/0.7 | 4/0.9 | 21/4.6 | 17/3.8 | 3/0.7 | 1/0.2 | 4/0.9 | 3/0.7 | 56/12.4 | |
Substance use | 0/0 | 0/0 | 4/0.9 | 1/0.2 | 1/0.2 | 8/1.8 | 1/0.2 | 1/0.2 | 16/3.5 | |
Sexual risky behaviors | 0/0 | 1/0.2 | 0/0 | 1/0.2 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 2/0.4 | |
Self-injurious behaviors | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 0/0 | 1/0.2 | 1/0.2 | |
Anxiety | 3/0.7 | 6/1.3 | 9/2.0 | 3/0.7 | 4/0.9 | 7/1.5 | 5/1.1 | 1/0.2 | 38/8.4 | |
Depressive symptoms | 3/0.7 | 4/0.9 | 9/2.0 | 3/0.7 | 5/1.1 | 9/2.0 | 5/1.1 | 1/0.2 | 39/8.6 | |
Somatization | 0/0 | 3/0.7 | 7/1.5 | 1/0.2 | 2/0.4 | 7/1.5 | 4/0.9 | 1/0.2 | 25/5.5 | |
Total | 17/3.8 | 58/12.8 | 141/31.1 | 51/11.3 | 30/6.6 | 72/15.9 | 48/10.6 | 36/7.9 | 453/100 |
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Constanty, L.; Lepage, C.; Rosselet Amoussou, J.; Wouters, E.; Decoro, V.; De-Paz, L.; Hans, C.; Ergüneş, H.; Sangra, J.; Plessen, K.J.; et al. Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions for Self-Regulatory Failures in Adolescents Suffering from Externalizing Symptoms: A Scoping Review. Biomedicines 2021, 9, 1081. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9091081
Constanty L, Lepage C, Rosselet Amoussou J, Wouters E, Decoro V, De-Paz L, Hans C, Ergüneş H, Sangra J, Plessen KJ, et al. Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions for Self-Regulatory Failures in Adolescents Suffering from Externalizing Symptoms: A Scoping Review. Biomedicines. 2021; 9(9):1081. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9091081
Chicago/Turabian StyleConstanty, Lauriane, Caroline Lepage, Joëlle Rosselet Amoussou, Emilie Wouters, Velia Decoro, Lisa De-Paz, Charlotte Hans, Hazal Ergüneş, Jonas Sangra, Kerstin Jessica Plessen, and et al. 2021. "Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions for Self-Regulatory Failures in Adolescents Suffering from Externalizing Symptoms: A Scoping Review" Biomedicines 9, no. 9: 1081. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9091081