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Biomedicines
Volume 13
Issue 2
10.3390/biomedicines13020374
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Article

Changes in Serum Inflammatory Markers and in Clinical Periodontal Condition After Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment in Hypertensive Patients

by
Francina María Escobar Arregoces
1,*,
Nelly S. Roa
1,*,
Juliana Velosa-Porras
1,
Lina Velásquez Rodríguez
2,
María José Merchan
2,
Jean Carlos Villamil Poveda
1,
Liliana Otero
1,
Álvaro J. Ruiz
3,4 and
Catalina Latorre Uriza
1
1
Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas (CIO), Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
2
Faculty of Dentistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
3
Departamento de Medicina Interna, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
4
Departamento de Epidemiología Clínica y Bioestadística, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110311, Colombia
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Biomedicines 2025, 13(2), 374; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13020374
Submission received: 25 December 2024 / Revised: 24 January 2025 / Accepted: 29 January 2025 / Published: 5 February 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Periodontal Disease and Periodontal Tissue Regeneration)
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Abstract

Background: Chronic inflammatory disorders, such as periodontitis, may contribute to pro-hypertensive inflammation. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze changes in parameters for periodontitis, such as periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) and serum inflammatory markers, following non-surgical periodontal treatment in hypertensive patients. Methods: A quasi-experimental pre-and-post study was conducted, involving 42 controlled hypertensive patients with periodontitis. The patients underwent periodontal assessment and tests, including complete blood count, glucose, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C, and serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers. All patients received scaling and root planning treatment in a single session and were reevaluated one month after the treatment. Results: Post-treatment evaluations showed significant improvements in periodontal inflammation parameters, such as pocket depth, attachment level, bleeding on probing, and biofilm percentage, with statistically significant differences (p < 0.001). There were decreases in serum VEGF levels (p < 0.001) and reductions in PISA associated with declines in cytokine levels such as IL-10, IL-6, IL-12p70, IL-17A, and VEGF. PISA for IL-6 and IL-10 had a positive correlation before periodontal treatment and with IL-1β and IL-10 after treatment. Conclusions: Hypertensive patients with periodontitis who underwent non-surgical periodontal treatment showed improvements in their periodontal condition, a decrease in cytokine levels such as VEGF, and reductions in PISA associated with declines in cytokines such as IL-10, IL-6, IL-12p70, IL-17A, and VEGF. These findings confirm the role of inflammation in hypertensive patients with periodontitis.
Keywords: hypertension; periodontal disease; periodontitis; periodontal infection; periodontal debridement; inflammation mediators; cytokines hypertension; periodontal disease; periodontitis; periodontal infection; periodontal debridement; inflammation mediators; cytokines

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MDPI and ACS Style

Arregoces, F.M.E.; Roa, N.S.; Velosa-Porras, J.; Rodríguez, L.V.; Merchan, M.J.; Poveda, J.C.V.; Otero, L.; Ruiz, Á.J.; Uriza, C.L. Changes in Serum Inflammatory Markers and in Clinical Periodontal Condition After Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment in Hypertensive Patients. Biomedicines 2025, 13, 374. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13020374

AMA Style

Arregoces FME, Roa NS, Velosa-Porras J, Rodríguez LV, Merchan MJ, Poveda JCV, Otero L, Ruiz ÁJ, Uriza CL. Changes in Serum Inflammatory Markers and in Clinical Periodontal Condition After Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment in Hypertensive Patients. Biomedicines. 2025; 13(2):374. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13020374

Chicago/Turabian Style

Arregoces, Francina María Escobar, Nelly S. Roa, Juliana Velosa-Porras, Lina Velásquez Rodríguez, María José Merchan, Jean Carlos Villamil Poveda, Liliana Otero, Álvaro J. Ruiz, and Catalina Latorre Uriza. 2025. "Changes in Serum Inflammatory Markers and in Clinical Periodontal Condition After Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment in Hypertensive Patients" Biomedicines 13, no. 2: 374. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13020374

APA Style

Arregoces, F. M. E., Roa, N. S., Velosa-Porras, J., Rodríguez, L. V., Merchan, M. J., Poveda, J. C. V., Otero, L., Ruiz, Á. J., & Uriza, C. L. (2025). Changes in Serum Inflammatory Markers and in Clinical Periodontal Condition After Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment in Hypertensive Patients. Biomedicines, 13(2), 374. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13020374

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