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Volume 12
Issue 6
10.3390/biomedicines12061155
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Article

Ultrasonic Coating of Poly(D,L-lactic acid)/Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Electrospun Fibers with ZnO Nanoparticles to Increase Angiogenesis in the CAM Assay

by
Selina Streich
1,2,†,
Julia Higuchi
3,†,
Agnieszka Opalińska
3,
Jacek Wojnarowicz
3,
Pietro Giovanoli
2,
Witold Łojkowski
3 and
Johanna Buschmann
2,*
1
Medical Faculty, University of Zurich, Campus Irchel, 8006 Zurich, Switzerland
2
Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
3
Laboratory of Nanostructures, Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to the work.
Biomedicines 2024, 12(6), 1155; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12061155
Submission received: 12 April 2024 / Revised: 7 May 2024 / Accepted: 20 May 2024 / Published: 23 May 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration)
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Abstract

Critical-size bone defects necessitate bone void fillers that should be integrated well and be easily vascularized. One viable option is to use a biocompatible synthetic polymer and sonocoat it with zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs). However, the ideal NP concentration and size must be assessed because a high dose of ZnO NPs may be toxic. Electrospun PDLLA/PLGA scaffolds were produced with different concentrations (0.5 or 1.0 s of sonocoating) and sizes of ZnO NPs (25 nm and 70 nm). They were characterized by SEM, EDX, ICP-OES, and the water contact angle. Vascularization and integration into the surrounding tissue were assessed with the CAM assay in the living chicken embryo. SEM, EDX, and ICP-OES confirmed the presence of ZnO NPs on polymer fibers. Sonocoated ZnO NPs lowered the WCA compared with the control. Smaller NPs were more pro-angiogenic exhibiting a higher vessel density than the larger NPs. At a lower concentration, less but larger vessels were visible in an environment with a lower cell density. Hence, the favored combination of smaller ZnO NPs at a lower concentration sonocoated on PDLLA/PLGA electrospun meshes leads to an advanced state of tissue integration and vascularization, providing a valuable synthetic bone graft to be used in clinics in the future.
Keywords: ultrasonication; electrospinning; zinc oxide nanoparticles; angiogenesis; radical oxygen species; CAM assay ultrasonication; electrospinning; zinc oxide nanoparticles; angiogenesis; radical oxygen species; CAM assay

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MDPI and ACS Style

Streich, S.; Higuchi, J.; Opalińska, A.; Wojnarowicz, J.; Giovanoli, P.; Łojkowski, W.; Buschmann, J. Ultrasonic Coating of Poly(D,L-lactic acid)/Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Electrospun Fibers with ZnO Nanoparticles to Increase Angiogenesis in the CAM Assay. Biomedicines 2024, 12, 1155. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12061155

AMA Style

Streich S, Higuchi J, Opalińska A, Wojnarowicz J, Giovanoli P, Łojkowski W, Buschmann J. Ultrasonic Coating of Poly(D,L-lactic acid)/Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Electrospun Fibers with ZnO Nanoparticles to Increase Angiogenesis in the CAM Assay. Biomedicines. 2024; 12(6):1155. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12061155

Chicago/Turabian Style

Streich, Selina, Julia Higuchi, Agnieszka Opalińska, Jacek Wojnarowicz, Pietro Giovanoli, Witold Łojkowski, and Johanna Buschmann. 2024. "Ultrasonic Coating of Poly(D,L-lactic acid)/Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Electrospun Fibers with ZnO Nanoparticles to Increase Angiogenesis in the CAM Assay" Biomedicines 12, no. 6: 1155. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12061155

APA Style

Streich, S., Higuchi, J., Opalińska, A., Wojnarowicz, J., Giovanoli, P., Łojkowski, W., & Buschmann, J. (2024). Ultrasonic Coating of Poly(D,L-lactic acid)/Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Electrospun Fibers with ZnO Nanoparticles to Increase Angiogenesis in the CAM Assay. Biomedicines, 12(6), 1155. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12061155

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