A Retrospective Study on the Factors Associated with Long-Stay Hospitalization in a Child Neuropsychiatry Unit
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Aims
2.2. Participants
2.3. Procedure
2.4. Tools
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
Factors Associated with Length of Stay
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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ICD-10 CODE | Diagnosis | Percentage |
---|---|---|
F30–F39 | Mood (affective) disorders | 39.9% |
F40–F48 | Anxiety and obsessive compulsive disorders | 17.6% |
F90–F98 | Behavioral disorders | 12.3% |
F50 | Eating disorders | 10.4% |
F44–F45 | Somatoform and conversion disorders | 6% |
F20–F29 | Psychotic disorders | 4.4% |
F80–F89 | Disorders of psychological development | 3.1% |
Other | 3.8% | |
No diagnosis | 2.5% |
CBCL | Mother (n = 148) M(SD) | CV | Clinical (%) MD | Father (n = 88) M (SD) | CV | Clinical (%) FD |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anxious/Depressed | 69.6 ± (10.6) | 15.23% | 45.3% | 66 (± 9.62) | 14.57% | 31.8% |
Withdrawn/Depressed | 70.2 ± (12) | 17.09% | 43.2% | 66.6 (± 9.68) | 14.53% | 23.9% |
Somatic Complaints | 65.5 ± (9.02) | 13.77% | 25.7% | 63.3 (± 8.53) | 13.47% | 19.3% |
Social Problems | 63.6 ± (8.85) | 13.91% | 14.9% | 60.5 (± 7.68) | 12.69% | 5.7% |
Thought Problems | 67.2 ± (8.70) | 12.95% | 36.5% | 64.6 (± 8.15) | 12.62% | 18.2% |
Attention Problems | 61.6 ± (9.93) | 16.12% | 16.2% | 59.1 (± 7.69) | 13.01% | 9.1% |
Rule-Breaking Behavior | 60.5 ± (8.65) | 14.30% | 15.8% | 59.4 (± 8.86) | 14.91% | 14.9% |
Aggressive Behavior | 62.1 ± (9.76) | 15.72% | 17.8% | 60.3 ± (8.03) | 13.32% | 10.3% |
Internalizing Problems | 69.1 ± (10.6) | 15.34% | 76.4% | 66.8 ± (8.40) | 12.57% | 70.5% |
Externalizing Problems | 59.7 ± (11.4) | 19.09% | 35.1% | 58.9 ± (10.3) | 17.49% | 33% |
Total Problems | 66.1 ± (9.15) | 13.84% | 68.2% | 63.2 ± (8.47) | 13.40% | 53.4% |
Affective Problems | 71.3 ± (10.2) | 14.30% | 53.4% | 68.5 ± (9.32) | 13.60% | 37.5% |
Anxiety Problems | 65.8 ± (7.35) | 11.17% | 31.1% | 64.3 ± (7.26) | 11.29% | 17% |
Somatic Problems | 63.2 ± (9.27) | 14.67% | 13% | 61.3 ± (8.58) | 13.99% | 10.2% |
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Problems | 58.4 ± (7.82) | 13.39% | 9.5% | 57.4 ± (7.33) | 13.26% | 4.5% |
Oppositional Defiant Problems | 59.7 ± (8.23) | 13.78% | 10.8% | 59.4 ± (7.88) | 13.26% | 6.8% |
Conduct Problems | 60.2 ± (9.09) | 15.10% | 14.4% | 58.7 ± (8.16) | 13.90% | 10.3% |
Sluggish Cognitive Tempo | 62 ± (8.45) | 13.63% | 15% | 58.3 ± (6.85) | 11.75% | 2.3% |
Obsessive Compulsive Problem | 66.7 ± (11.5) | 17.24% | 33.3% | 63.5 ± (7.83) | 12.33% | 13.6% |
Post-traumatic Stress Problems | 70.4 ± (11.8) | 16.76% | 45.5% | 66.9 ± (8.35) | 12.48% | 27.6% |
YSR | n = 163 M (±SD) | CV | C (%) | |||
Anxious/Depressed | 66.4 ± (12.7) | 19.13% | 31.9% | |||
Thought Problems | 64.1 ± (10.9) | 17.00% | 22.1% | |||
Attention Problems | 59.6 ± (9.86) | 16.54% | 12.3% | |||
Rule-Breaking Behavior | 55.4 ± (6.86) | 12.38% | 4.4% | |||
Aggressive Behavior | 56.5 ± (6.96) | 12.32% | 3% | |||
Internalizing Problems | 67 ± (12.6) | 18.80% | 59.5% | |||
Externalizing Problems | 53.7 ± (10.7) | 19.92% | 15.3% | |||
Total Problems | 61.8 ± (11.9) | 19.25% | 44.8% | |||
Affective Problems | 68.6 ± (13.8) | 20.12% | 43.8% | |||
Anxiety Problems | 61 ± (9.30) | 15.24% | 17.8% | |||
Somatic Problems | 62 (± 9.56) | 15.42% | 16% | |||
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Problems | 56.5 ± (6.81) | 12.05% | 2.5% | |||
Oppositional Defiant Problems | 57.3 ± (8.43) | 14.71% | 11.1% | |||
Conduct Problems | 56 ± (7.61) | 13.59% | 6.2% | |||
Obsessive Compulsive Problems | 63.2 ± (9.47) | 14.89% | 21% | |||
Post-traumatic Stress Problems | 65.4 ± (11.7) | 17.89% | 27.8% | |||
CDI | n = 68 M (±DS) | CV | C (%) | |||
CDI Total | 27.2 ± (8.17) | 30.04% | 85.3% | |||
Negative Mood | 10.1 ± (4.46) | 44.16% | 79.4% | |||
Negative Self-esteem | 8.37 ± (3.17) | 37.87% | 80.9% | |||
Interpersonal Problems | 8.37 ± (3.94) | 47.07% | 57.4% | |||
MASC | n = 128 M (±SD) | CV | C (%) | |||
MASC Total | 56.3 ± (11.3) | 20.07% | 35.2% | |||
Physical Symptoms | 57.2 ± (10.7) | 18.71% | 35.2% | |||
Harm Avoidance | 43.4 (± 11.2) | 25.81% | 4% | |||
Social Anxiety | 58 ± (13.2) | 22.76% | 42.2% | |||
Separation/Panic | 55.1 ± (12.7) | 23.05% | 28.1% | |||
Anxiety Disorder Index (ADI) | 52.4 ± (13.2) | 25.19% | 26.6% |
CBCL | Mother (n = 148) | YSR (n = 163) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
rho | p-Value | rho | p-Value | |
Social Competence | −0.208 | 0.013 ** | −0.028 | 0.722 |
Anxious/Depressed | 0.208 | 0.011 ** | 0.225 | 0.004 ** |
Withdrawn/Depressed | 0.275 | <0.001 *** | 0.201 | 0.011 * |
Somatic Complaints | 0.213 | 0.009 ** | 0.137 | 0.081 |
Social Problems | 0.109 | 0.185 | 0.271 | <0.001 ** |
Thought Problems | 0.164 | 0.046 * | 0.166 | 0.034 * |
Attention Problems | 0.092 | 0.267 | 0.159 | 0.043 * |
Internalizing Problems | 0.294 | <0.001 *** | 0.207 | 0.008 ** |
Total Problems | 0.165 | 0.046 * | 0.240 | 0.002 ** |
Affective Problems | 0.288 | <0.001 *** | 0.245 | 0.002 ** |
Anxiety Problems | 0.124 | 0.134 | 0.247 | 0.002 ** |
Obsessive Compulsive Problems | 0.225 | 0.006 ** | 0.236 | 0.003 ** |
Post-traumatic Stress Problems | 0.280 | <0.001 *** | 0.219 | 0.005 ** |
Sluggish Cognitive Tempo | 0.243 | 0.003 ** | / |
CDI (n = 68) | |
CDI Total | rho = 0.413, p =< 0.001 *** |
Negative Mood | rho = 0.282, p = 0.020 * |
Negative Self-esteem | rho = 0.330, p = 0.006 * |
MASC (n = 128) | |
Social Anxiety | rho = 0.238, p = 0.007 ** |
Anxiety Disorder Index(ADI) | rho = 0.229, p = 0.009 ** |
Cause of Admission | Sex | |
---|---|---|
F | M | |
Suicidality | 29.6% | 10.2% |
Non-suicidal self-injury | 10.9% | 2.3% |
Psychomotor agitation/aggressive behavior | 10% | 36.4% |
Eating difficulties and mismanagement | 16.1% | 8% |
Anxiety symptoms | 9.1% | 4.5% |
Psychotic symptoms | 3.9% | 3.4% |
Functional symptoms | 8.7% | 10.2% |
Other | 11.7% | 25% |
Main Diagnosis (ICD-10) | ||
Mood (affective) disorders (F30–F39) | 44.8% | 27.3% |
Behavioral disorders (F90–F98) | 7.8% | 23.9% |
Eating disorders (F50) | 12.6% | 4.5% |
Anxiety disorders (F40–F42) | 18.7% | 14.8% |
Psychotic disorders (F20–F29) | 3.9% | 5.7% |
Somatoform and conversion dis. (F44–F45) | 5.7% | 6.8% |
Dis. of psychological development (F80–F89) | 2.6% | 4.5% |
Other | 1.7% | 9.1% |
No diagnosis | 2.2% | 3.4% |
95%Confidence Interval | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Predictor | B | SE | Z | p | Oddsratio | Lower | Upper | |
Intercept | −22.659 | 0.7476 | −3.031 | 0.002 | 0.104 | 0.0240 | 0.449 | |
Age | 0.1221 | 0.0518 | 2.355 | 0.019 * | 1.130 | 10.207 | 1.251 | |
FHPD | ||||||||
PRESENT–ABSENT | 0.8704 | 0.2845 | 3.059 | 0.002 ** | 2.388 | 13.672 | 4.170 | |
Intrafamily conflict | ||||||||
PRESENT–ABSENT | 0.0321 | 0.2864 | 0.112 | 0.911 | 1.033 | 0.5891 | 1.810 | |
Cause of admission: | ||||||||
Suicidality–Other | 0.3539 | 0.4620 | 0.766 | 0.444 | 1.425 | 0.5760 | 3.524 | |
Anxiety symptoms–Other | 0.8722 | 0.5708 | 1.528 | 0.127 | 2.392 | 0.7815 | 7.323 | |
Eating difficulties and mismanagement–Other | 18.916 | 0.5292 | 3.575 | <0.001 *** | 6.630 | 23.502 | 18.705 | |
Psychomotor agitation/aggressive behavior–Other | 10.065 | 0.4722 | 2.131 | 0.033 * | 2.736 | 10.843 | 6.904 | |
Psychotic symptoms–Other | 25.580 | 11.238 | 2.276 | 0.023* | 12.910 | 14.267 | 116.825 | |
Functional symptoms–Other | 0.9034 | 0.5260 | 1.717 | 0.086 | 2.468 | 0.8802 | 6.919 | |
Non-suicidal self-injury–Other | 11.836 | 0.6040 | 1.960 | 0.050 * | 3.266 | 0.9997 | 10.670 | |
Hospital admission: | ||||||||
From ambulatory–Emergency Department | 0.3558 | 0.6403 | 0.556 | 0.578 | 1.427 | 0.4069 | 5.007 | |
Scheduled–Emergency Department | −0.9797 | 0.4148 | −2.362 | 0.018 * | 0.375 | 0.1665 | 0.846 | |
From transfer or consultancy–Emergency Department | −0.2852 | 0.3285 | −0.868 | 0.385 | 0.752 | 0.3949 | 1.431 | |
Comorbidity: | ||||||||
Yes–No | 0.3018 | 0.2693 | 1.121 | 0.262 | 1.352 | 0.7978 | 2.292 |
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Zanato, S.; Miscioscia, M.; Traverso, A.; Gatto, M.; Poli, M.; Raffagnato, A.; Gatta, M. A Retrospective Study on the Factors Associated with Long-Stay Hospitalization in a Child Neuropsychiatry Unit. Healthcare 2021, 9, 1241. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9091241
Zanato S, Miscioscia M, Traverso A, Gatto M, Poli M, Raffagnato A, Gatta M. A Retrospective Study on the Factors Associated with Long-Stay Hospitalization in a Child Neuropsychiatry Unit. Healthcare. 2021; 9(9):1241. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9091241
Chicago/Turabian StyleZanato, Silvia, Marina Miscioscia, Annalisa Traverso, Miriam Gatto, Mikael Poli, Alessia Raffagnato, and Michela Gatta. 2021. "A Retrospective Study on the Factors Associated with Long-Stay Hospitalization in a Child Neuropsychiatry Unit" Healthcare 9, no. 9: 1241. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9091241