Application of Decomposable Semi-Regenerative Processes to the Study of k-out-of-n Systems
Abstract
:1. Introduction and Motivation
2. State of Problem. Notations
- Partial repair — when after the system’s failure, the repair of the component being repaired is prolonged, and after its end, the system passes to state ; or
- Full repair — when after the system’s failure, the repair of the whole system begins, and after its end, the system becomes as good as new, and enters state 0.
- The lifetimes of the systems’ components are independent identically distributed (i.i.d.) random variables (r.v.’s) that are exponentially distributed with parameter .
- Failed components are repaired by a single facility and after repair become as good as new.
- Repair times are i.i.d. r.v.’s for partial and for full repair, respectively, with the common cumulative distribution functions (c.d.f.’s) and .
- — symbols of probability and expectation, symbols are used for conditional probability and expectation, given that the initial state of the process is i;
- is the random time to one of the system’s component failures, when it is in the state i;
- is the parameter of this r.v. (intensity of the failure of one of the components—when the system is in the state i, sometimes the notation for this value is also used);
- is the system set of states, where j means the number of failed components and k is the system failure state;
- with this set of states, we define the random process by the correlation:
- system (and the process) state probabilities
- T is the time to the system failure,
3. Partial Repair Regime
3.1. Semi-Regenerative Process
3.2. Behavior of the Process in a Separate Semi-Regeneration Period
3.3. Time-Dependent and Stationary Probabilities
3.4. Example 1
4. Full Repair Regime
4.1. The Main Regenerative Process
4.2. Embedded Semi-Regenerative Process
- the intervals between embedded semi-regeneration times of the ESRP (time points between the components repair completions);
- the embedded semi-Markov matrix (ESMM) whose components are the process transition probabilities between semi-regeneration times:
- the vector-function, the components of which are the c.d.f.’s of the first passage time from state i to the absorbing state k by the ESRP along a monotone trajectory.
- the vector-function, the components of which are c.d.f.’s of the absorbing state k destination time by the ESRP starting from state ;
- the embedded Markov renewal matrix, whose components are the conditional embedded renewal functions in the separate lifetime period:
- (1)
- The differentials of the ESMM components of the process are:
- (2)
- The corresponding LST for the components of matrix are equal to:
4.3. Process State Probabilities in a Separate Lifetime Period
- matrix , whose components are transition probabilities of the process within a separate lifetime:
- matrix , whose components are transition probabilities of the process in a separate embedded semi-regeneration period (between successive repair completions):
4.4. Process Time-Dependent and Stationary State Probabilities
4.5. Example 2
5. Conclusions and Further Investigations
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
RP | Regenerative process |
SRP | Semi-regenerative process |
SMM | Semi-Markov matrix |
MRM | Markov renewal matrix |
DSRP | Decomposable semi-regenerative process |
EMRM | Embedded renewal matrix |
i.i.d. | Independent identically distributed |
r.v. | Random variable |
c.d.f. | Cumulative distribution function |
t.d.s.p. | Time-dependent state probability |
s.s.p. | Steady state probability |
LT | Laplace transform |
LST | Laplace–Stiltjes transform |
ESRP | Embedded semi-regenerative process |
ESMM | Embedded semi-Markov matrix |
m.g.f. | Moment generating function |
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Rykov, V.; Ivanova, N.; Kozyrev, D. Application of Decomposable Semi-Regenerative Processes to the Study of k-out-of-n Systems. Mathematics 2021, 9, 1933. https://doi.org/10.3390/math9161933
Rykov V, Ivanova N, Kozyrev D. Application of Decomposable Semi-Regenerative Processes to the Study of k-out-of-n Systems. Mathematics. 2021; 9(16):1933. https://doi.org/10.3390/math9161933
Chicago/Turabian StyleRykov, Vladimir, Nika Ivanova, and Dmitry Kozyrev. 2021. "Application of Decomposable Semi-Regenerative Processes to the Study of k-out-of-n Systems" Mathematics 9, no. 16: 1933. https://doi.org/10.3390/math9161933
APA StyleRykov, V., Ivanova, N., & Kozyrev, D. (2021). Application of Decomposable Semi-Regenerative Processes to the Study of k-out-of-n Systems. Mathematics, 9(16), 1933. https://doi.org/10.3390/math9161933