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Article

Extraction and Study of the Essential Oil of Copal (Dacryodes peruviana), an Amazonian Fruit with the Highest Yield Worldwide

Departamento de Química y Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 110150, Ecuador
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Plants 2020, 9(12), 1658; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9121658
Received: 30 October 2020 / Revised: 13 November 2020 / Accepted: 16 November 2020 / Published: 26 November 2020
(This article belongs to the Section Phytochemistry)
Essential oils are highly demanded substances worldwide. They can be used without modification due to their different chemical and biological properties or as natural sources of chemical compounds. The limit in the use of these metabolites is their low yield. In the present investigation, the essential oil of fruits from Dacryodes peruviana collected in the Ecuadorian Amazon was extracted and studied. The essential oil was released from the plant matrix and isolated by hydrodistillation. The yields obtained were 4.8 ± 0.2% and 11.3 ± 0.2% for fresh and dried fruits, respectively, one of the highest yields on record to date. Twenty-five chemical compounds were identified by GC/MS and GC/FID techniques. The principal constituent was α-phellandrene, with 50.32 ± 3.32%. The antimicrobial activity of the oil was assayed against five Gram negative bacteria, two Gram positive bacteria and two fungi. The essential oil exerted a moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The repellent activity of the oil was assayed against mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae); the samples with 3%, 2% and 1% essential oil were class 4, and the sample with 0.5% showed to be class 3. The essential oil showed a weak antioxidant activity through the DPPH and ABTS methods. View Full-Text
Keywords: Dacryodes peruviana; essential oil; α-phellandrene; antibacterial activity; antifungal activity; repellent activity; antioxidant activity Dacryodes peruviana; essential oil; α-phellandrene; antibacterial activity; antifungal activity; repellent activity; antioxidant activity
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MDPI and ACS Style

Valarezo, E.; Ojeda-Riascos, S.; Cartuche, L.; Andrade-González, N.; González-Sánchez, I.; Meneses, M.A. Extraction and Study of the Essential Oil of Copal (Dacryodes peruviana), an Amazonian Fruit with the Highest Yield Worldwide. Plants 2020, 9, 1658. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9121658

AMA Style

Valarezo E, Ojeda-Riascos S, Cartuche L, Andrade-González N, González-Sánchez I, Meneses MA. Extraction and Study of the Essential Oil of Copal (Dacryodes peruviana), an Amazonian Fruit with the Highest Yield Worldwide. Plants. 2020; 9(12):1658. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9121658

Chicago/Turabian Style

Valarezo, Eduardo, Santiago Ojeda-Riascos, Luis Cartuche, Nathaly Andrade-González, Inés González-Sánchez, and Miguel A. Meneses. 2020. "Extraction and Study of the Essential Oil of Copal (Dacryodes peruviana), an Amazonian Fruit with the Highest Yield Worldwide" Plants 9, no. 12: 1658. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9121658

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