Global Actions for Managing Cactus Invasions
by
Ana Novoa 1,2,3,*
, Giuseppe Brundu 4, Michael D. Day 5, Vicente Deltoro 6, Franz Essl 1,7, Llewellyn C. Foxcroft 1,8, Guillaume Fried 9, Haylee Kaplan 2, Sabrina Kumschick 1,2, Sandy Lloyd 10, Elizabete Marchante 11, Hélia Marchante 11,12, Iain D. Paterson 13, Petr Pyšek 1,3,14, David M. Richardson 1, Arne Witt 15, Helmuth G. Zimmermann 16 and John R. U. Wilson 1,2
Ana Novoa 1,2,3,*, Giuseppe Brundu 4, Michael D. Day 5, Vicente Deltoro 6, Franz Essl 1,7, Llewellyn C. Foxcroft 1,8, Guillaume Fried 9, Haylee Kaplan 2, Sabrina Kumschick 1,2, Sandy Lloyd 10, Elizabete Marchante 11, Hélia Marchante 11,12, Iain D. Paterson 13, Petr Pyšek 1,3,14, David M. Richardson 1, Arne Witt 15, Helmuth G. Zimmermann 16 and John R. U. Wilson 1,2
1
Centre for Invasion Biology, Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
2
South African National Biodiversity Institute, Kirstenbosch Research Centre, Private Bag X7, Claremont 7735, South Africa
3
Institute of Botany, Department of Invasion Ecology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, CZ-252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic
4
Department of Agriculture, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
5
Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, GPO Box 267, Brisbane Qld 4001, Queensland, Australia
6
VAERSA-Generalitat Valenciana, E-46011 Valencia, Spain
7
Division of Conservation Biology, Vegetation and Landscape Ecology, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria
8
Conservation Services, South African National Parks, Skukuza 1350, South Africa
9
Anses, Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Unité Entomologie et Plantes invasives, 34988 Montferrier-sur-Lez Cedex, France
10
Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Baron-Hay Court, South Perth 6151, Australia
11
Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
12
Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Escola Superior Agrária de Coimbra, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
13
Centre for Biological Control, Department of Zoology and Entomology, PO Box 94, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6139, South Africa
14
Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
15
CABI Africa, Nairobi 633-00621, Kenya
16
Helmuth Zimmermann & Associates, Pretoria 0043, South Africa
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Plants 2019, 8(10), 421; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8100421
Received: 18 September 2019 / Revised: 13 October 2019 / Accepted: 15 October 2019 / Published: 16 October 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Invasive Plants)
The family Cactaceae Juss. contains some of the most widespread and damaging invasive alien plant species in the world, with Australia (39 species), South Africa (35) and Spain (24) being the main hotspots of invasion. The Global Cactus Working Group (IOBC GCWG) was launched in 2015 to improve international collaboration and identify key actions that can be taken to limit the impacts caused by cactus invasions worldwide. Based on the results of an on-line survey, information collated from a review of the scientific and grey literature, expertise of the authors, and because invasiveness appears to vary predictably across the family, we (the IOBC GCWG): (1) recommend that invasive and potentially invasive cacti are regulated, and to assist with this, propose five risk categories; (2) recommend that cactus invasions are treated physically or chemically before they become widespread; (3) advocate the use of biological control to manage widespread invasive species; and (4) encourage the development of public awareness and engagement initiatives to integrate all available knowledge and perspectives in the development and implementation of management actions, and address conflicts of interest, especially with the agricultural and ornamental sectors. Implementing these recommendations will require global co-operation. The IOBC GCWG aims to assist with this process through the dissemination of information and experience.
View Full-Text
Keywords:
biological control; Cactaceae; early detection and eradication; impacts; prevention; public awareness; public engagement
▼
Show Figures
Figure 1
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Novoa, A.; Brundu, G.; Day, M.D.; Deltoro, V.; Essl, F.; Foxcroft, L.C.; Fried, G.; Kaplan, H.; Kumschick, S.; Lloyd, S.; Marchante, E.; Marchante, H.; Paterson, I.D.; Pyšek, P.; Richardson, D.M.; Witt, A.; Zimmermann, H.G.; Wilson, J.R.U. Global Actions for Managing Cactus Invasions. Plants 2019, 8, 421.
Show more citation formats
Note that from the first issue of 2016, MDPI journals use article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.
- Supplementary File 1:
PDF-Document (PDF, 246 KB)
