Night Temperature Affects the Growth, Metabolism, and Photosynthetic Gene Expression in Astragalus membranaceus and Codonopsis lanceolata Plug Seedlings
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Growth, Development and Morphology
2.2. Contents of Soluble Sugar and Starch
2.3. Contents of Total Phenols and Flavonoids
2.4. Hydrogen Peroxide Content
2.5. Chlorophyll Content and Stomatal Conductance
2.6. Gene Expression Analysis
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Plant Materials and Treatments
4.2. Contents of Soluble Sugar and Starch
4.3. Contents of Total Phenols and Flavonoids
4.4. Hydrogen Peroxide Content
4.5. Assessments of Chlorophyll Content and Stomatal Conductance
4.6. Analysis of the Gene Expression by Quantitative Real-Time PCR
4.7. Data Collection and Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Night Temperature (°C) | Length (cm) | Dry Weight (mg) | Leaf Area (cm−2) | Stem Diameter (mm) | Root DW: Shoot DW Ratio | Shoot Dry Weight per Shoot Length (g·m−1) | Root Dry Weight per Root Length (g·m−1) | Dickson’s Quality Index (×10−4) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shoot | Root | Shoot | Root | |||||||
10 | 10.8 ± 0.4 b z | 4.1 ± 0.3 b | 54.9 ± 7.8 b | 8.7 ± 1.2 b | 4.3 ± 0.2 a | 0.83 ± 0.03 b | 0.16 ± 0.01 b | 0.51 ± 0.07 | 0.21 ± 0.03 b | 4.6 ± 0.6 b |
15 | 14.0 ± 0.4 a | 4.5 ± 0.5 b | 78.2 ± 4.3 a | 17.8 ± 1.7 a | 4.8 ± 0.2 a | 1.06 ± 0.04 a | 0.23 ± 0.02 a | 0.56 ± 0.03 | 0.42 ± 0.06 a | 7.1 ± 0.4 a |
20 | 13.4 ± 0.4 a | 5.9 ± 0.2 a | 72.8 ± 5.0 a | 14.8 ± 1.3 a | 3.5 ± 0.2 b | 0.98 ± 0.03 a | 0.20 ± 0.01 a | 0.54 ± 0.03 | 0.25 ± 0.03 b | 6.2 ± 0.5 a |
F-test | *** | ** | * | ** | ** | ** | ** | NS | ** | * |
Night Temperature (°C) | Length (cm) | Dry Weight (mg) | Leaf Area (cm−2) | Stem Diameter (mm) | Root DW: Shoot DW Ratio | Shoot Dry Weight per Shoot Length (g·m−1) | Root Dry Weight per Root Length (g·m−1) | Dickson’s Quality Index (×10−4) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shoot | Root | Shoot | Root | Leaf | |||||||
10 | 15.1 ± 0.6 b z | 3.3 ± 0.3 b | 33.4 ± 2.6 b | 4.1 ± 0.4 b | 7.1 ± 0.9 b | 6.6 ± 0.6 | 1.46 ± 0.05 b | 0.19 ± 0.02 b | 0.22 ± 0.02 | 0.13 ± 0.02 b | 3.4 ± 0.3 b |
15 | 17.5 ± 0.7 a | 3.9 ± 0.1 b | 57.6 ± 3.9 a | 9.0 ± 0.6 a | 11.7 ± 0.8 a | 7.7 ± 0.6 | 1.81 ± 0.05 a | 0.29 ± 0.02 a | 0.34 ± 0.03 | 0.23 ± 0.02 a | 6.5 ± 0.5 a |
20 | 17.8 ± 0.7 a | 4.9 ± 0.3 a | 51.0 ± 5.6 a | 6.9 ± 1.3 a | 9.4 ± 1.0 ab | 8.0 ± 0.5 | 1.80 ± 0.04 a | 0.23 ± 0.01 b | 0.29 ± 0.04 | 0.15 ± 0.03 b | 5.5 ± 0.8 a |
F-test | * | ** | ** | *** | ** | NS | *** | ** | NS | ** | ** |
Gene | Forward Primer | Reverse Primer |
---|---|---|
18S | 5′-CTCAACCATAAA CGATGCCGACC-3′ | 5′-AGTTTCAGCCTTGCGACCATACTCC-3′ |
AmGBSS | 5′-ATAACATAGCGTATCAGGG-3′ | 5′-CTCGGTCAGATTCTAACACT-3′ |
AmRBCL | 5′-TGGCTGTTCCTATCGTCA-3′ | 5′-AAGTAATCTCCCTTTCTCCT-3′ |
β-Actin | 5′-CGAGAAGAGCTACGAGCTACCCGATGG-3′ | 5′-CTCGGTGCTAGGGCAGTGATCTCTTTGCT-3′ |
ClFDX | 5′-CTTCGGCGTTTCTTCGT-3′ | 5′-CTGCCAAACCCTTGATAACT-3′ |
ClRBCL | 5′-GCTTACCCATTAGACCTTT-3′ | 5′-GGGACGACCATACTTGTT-3′ |
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Liu, Y.; Ren, X.; Jeong, B.R. Night Temperature Affects the Growth, Metabolism, and Photosynthetic Gene Expression in Astragalus membranaceus and Codonopsis lanceolata Plug Seedlings. Plants 2019, 8, 407. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8100407
Liu Y, Ren X, Jeong BR. Night Temperature Affects the Growth, Metabolism, and Photosynthetic Gene Expression in Astragalus membranaceus and Codonopsis lanceolata Plug Seedlings. Plants. 2019; 8(10):407. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8100407
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Ya, Xiuxia Ren, and Byoung Ryong Jeong. 2019. "Night Temperature Affects the Growth, Metabolism, and Photosynthetic Gene Expression in Astragalus membranaceus and Codonopsis lanceolata Plug Seedlings" Plants 8, no. 10: 407. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8100407