Potential Impact of Oral Inflammations on Cardiac Functions and Atrial Fibrillation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Frequent Forms of Chronic Oral Infections Potentially Associated with Atrial Fibrillation
3. Potential Role of Bacteremia
4. Potential Role of Systemic Inflammation
5. Potential Role of Autoimmunity in Atrial Fibrillation
6. Potential Role of the Autonomic Nervous System
7. Potential Role of Bacterial Toxins
8. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cytokine | Function |
---|---|
IL-8, MIP-1, MCP-1, RANTES | Chemotactic |
IL-1α, IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6, PAF | Pro-inflammatory |
IL-1RA, IL-4, IL-10 | Anti-inflammatory |
IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-7 | Immunoregulatory |
PDGF, EGF, FGF, IGF, VEGF | Growth factor |
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Aarabi, G.; Schnabel, R.B.; Heydecke, G.; Seedorf, U. Potential Impact of Oral Inflammations on Cardiac Functions and Atrial Fibrillation. Biomolecules 2018, 8, 66. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom8030066
Aarabi G, Schnabel RB, Heydecke G, Seedorf U. Potential Impact of Oral Inflammations on Cardiac Functions and Atrial Fibrillation. Biomolecules. 2018; 8(3):66. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom8030066
Chicago/Turabian StyleAarabi, Ghazal, Renate B. Schnabel, Guido Heydecke, and Udo Seedorf. 2018. "Potential Impact of Oral Inflammations on Cardiac Functions and Atrial Fibrillation" Biomolecules 8, no. 3: 66. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom8030066