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Volume 11
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10.3390/universe11040108
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Article

Nonlinear Calibration Method for FMG Line-of-Sight Magnetic Field

by
Ziyao Hu
1,2,
Kaifan Ji
3,*,
Xianyong Bai
1,2,4,5,*,
Yuanyong Deng
1,2,4,
Jiangtao Su
1,2,4,
Jingjing Guo
6,
Suo Liu
1,2,4 and
Xiao Yang
1,2,4
1
National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
2
School of Astronomy and Space Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
3
Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650216, China
4
Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
5
Institute for Frontiers in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 102206, China
6
School of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence, Chizhou University, Chizhou 247000, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Universe 2025, 11(4), 108; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe11040108
Submission received: 31 December 2024 / Revised: 11 March 2025 / Accepted: 20 March 2025 / Published: 24 March 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Measurements, Observations and Theoretical Studies on the Solar Magnetic Field—Celebrating the 40th Anniversary of the Huairou Solar Observing Station)
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Abstract

This study is to correct magnetic saturation and wavelength shift in Full-disk Magnetograph (FMG) solar magnetic field measurements on the Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory (ASO-S) satellite. Due to its single-wavelength polarization data limitations, currently, FMG relies on linear calibration. We propose a residual network model to output a line-of-sight (LOS) magnetic field which is trained with HMI LOS magnetic fields as target, and FMG Stokes I, V data and LOS velocity components as inputs. Compared to traditional methods, our model achieves lower MAE, RMSE, and improved consistency with the target, while also demonstrating robustness to wavelength shift, offering more accurate magnetic field measurements.
Keywords: solar; magnetic fields; machine learning solar; magnetic fields; machine learning

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hu, Z.; Ji, K.; Bai, X.; Deng, Y.; Su, J.; Guo, J.; Liu, S.; Yang, X. Nonlinear Calibration Method for FMG Line-of-Sight Magnetic Field. Universe 2025, 11, 108. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe11040108

AMA Style

Hu Z, Ji K, Bai X, Deng Y, Su J, Guo J, Liu S, Yang X. Nonlinear Calibration Method for FMG Line-of-Sight Magnetic Field. Universe. 2025; 11(4):108. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe11040108

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hu, Ziyao, Kaifan Ji, Xianyong Bai, Yuanyong Deng, Jiangtao Su, Jingjing Guo, Suo Liu, and Xiao Yang. 2025. "Nonlinear Calibration Method for FMG Line-of-Sight Magnetic Field" Universe 11, no. 4: 108. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe11040108

APA Style

Hu, Z., Ji, K., Bai, X., Deng, Y., Su, J., Guo, J., Liu, S., & Yang, X. (2025). Nonlinear Calibration Method for FMG Line-of-Sight Magnetic Field. Universe, 11(4), 108. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe11040108

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