Enhancing Metabolism and Milk Production Performance in Periparturient Dairy Cattle through Rumen-Protected Methionine and Choline Supplementation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Interplay of Methionine and Choline in One-Carbon Metabolism and Amino Acid Regulation
4. The Role of RPM and RPC in Metabolism and Milk Production Performance of Dairy Cattle
4.1. RPM Role in Metabolism and Nitrogen Utilization of Dairy Cattle
4.2. Rumen-Protected Methionine’s Role in Ruminants’ Milk Production
4.3. Molecular Mechanisms Unveiling the Influence of Methionine Supplementation on Dairy Cattle Milk Production Performance
4.4. Rumen-Protected Choline Role in Metabolism of Dairy Cattle
4.5. RPC Role in Milk Production of Dairy Cattle
RPC Treatment | Main Outcomes | Author |
---|---|---|
RPC at 15 g/day/head. |
| [171] |
RPC at 54 g for 40 days before and 120 days after calving. |
| [169] |
Supplementing 12.9 g/d of choline ion. |
| [56] |
The RPC supplementation was initiated during the final month of the transitional period and two months postparturient at 50 g/day/head. |
| [178] |
The RPC product supplemented (60 g/d ReaShure, Balchem Corp., New Hampton, NY, USA) contained 28.8% choline chloride as per manufacture information, which supplied supplemented cows a daily dose of 12.9 g of choline ion. |
| [38] |
RPC supplementation. |
| [179] |
RPC supplementation. |
| [37] |
200 g RPC after calving for 60 days of lactation, which provided 50 g per day choline. |
| [180] |
22 g choline ion from an established product (prepartum: 0.10 ± 0.004 choline ion, %DM. |
| [181] |
RPC at 15 to 50 g/day/head. |
| [55] |
The RPC supplemented at 40 g/d/head. |
| [35] |
RPC at 54 g for 90 days (pre- and postcalving). |
| [182] |
RPC at 10 g 20 days pre-calving and 64 days post-calving. |
| [183] |
RPC at 30 g for 8 weeks after calving. |
| [184] |
RPC and vitamin B supplementation. |
| [185] |
60 g/d of RPC (13.0 g/d of choline ion). |
| [186] |
Supplemented 60 g of RPC/d (providing 15 g choline chloride) during the first 10 weeks of lactation. |
| [187] |
RPC at 30 g/day per cow for the first 16 d of lactation. |
| [188] |
RPC supplementation. |
| [189] |
RPC was supplemented at 17.3 g/d/per cow from 21 days before the calving date to 21 days after. |
| [176] |
RPC at 60 g/d. |
| [15,121] |
Dose of RPC was from 15 to 50 g. |
| [190] |
RPC |
| [191] |
RPC |
| [192] |
RPC |
| [193] |
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Amino Acid Supplementation | Main Outcomes | Species | Author |
---|---|---|---|
RPM and RPC |
| Dairy cattle | [121] |
RPM |
| Dairy cattle | [122] |
RPM |
| Dairy cattle | [123] |
RPM |
| Dairy cattle | [112] |
ZnM |
| Dairy cattle | [98,124] |
RPM and RPC |
| Dairy cattle | [125] |
Hydroxyselenomethionine |
| Dairy cattle | [126,127] |
N-acetyl-l-methionine supplementation (NALM) |
| Dairy cattle | [128,129] |
NALM s |
| Dairy cattle | [130,131] |
RPM |
| Dairy cattle | [132] |
RPM |
| Dairy cattle | [133] |
RPM and RPC |
| Dairy cattle | [134] |
16% CP and 25 g/head/day RPM |
| Dairy cattle | [135] |
RPM and RP Lys |
| Dairy cattle | [136] |
RPM+RP Lys |
| Dairy cattle | [137] |
RPM+fava bean |
| Dairy cattle | [138] |
RPM and RP Lys for 21 days |
| Dairy cattle | [139] |
RPM |
| Dairy cattle | [140] |
RPM and RPC |
| Dairy cattle | [121] |
RPM |
| BMECs | [41] |
RPM |
| BMECs | [46] |
RPM |
| BMECs | [141] |
Methionyl-methionine dipeptide |
| BMECs | [142,143] |
RPM |
| BMECs | [144] |
RPM |
| BMECs | [145] |
RPM |
| BMECs | [120,146,147,148] |
RPM |
| BMECs | [149] |
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Huang, B.; Khan, M.Z.; Kou, X.; Chen, Y.; Liang, H.; Ullah, Q.; Khan, N.; Khan, A.; Chai, W.; Wang, C. Enhancing Metabolism and Milk Production Performance in Periparturient Dairy Cattle through Rumen-Protected Methionine and Choline Supplementation. Metabolites 2023, 13, 1080. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13101080
Huang B, Khan MZ, Kou X, Chen Y, Liang H, Ullah Q, Khan N, Khan A, Chai W, Wang C. Enhancing Metabolism and Milk Production Performance in Periparturient Dairy Cattle through Rumen-Protected Methionine and Choline Supplementation. Metabolites. 2023; 13(10):1080. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13101080
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Bingjian, Muhammad Zahoor Khan, Xiyan Kou, Yinghui Chen, Huili Liang, Qudrat Ullah, Nadar Khan, Adnan Khan, Wenqiong Chai, and Changfa Wang. 2023. "Enhancing Metabolism and Milk Production Performance in Periparturient Dairy Cattle through Rumen-Protected Methionine and Choline Supplementation" Metabolites 13, no. 10: 1080. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo13101080