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Metabolites
Volume 11
Issue 5
10.3390/metabo11050262
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Article

Impact of High-Pressure Processed Onion on Colonic Metabolism Using a Dynamic Gastrointestinal Digestion Simulator

by
Irene Fernández-Jalao
1,
Claudia Balderas
1,
María V. Calvo
2,
Javier Fontecha
2,
Concepción Sánchez-Moreno
1 and
Begoña De Ancos
1,*
1
Department of Characterization, Quality and Safety, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
2
Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Metabolites 2021, 11(5), 262; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11050262
Submission received: 17 March 2021 / Revised: 19 April 2021 / Accepted: 20 April 2021 / Published: 22 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Food Metabolomics)
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Abstract

Onions are the main dietary source of flavonols that have been associated with important health-promoting properties. Onion treated by high-pressure processing (HPP-treated onion) was subjected to a dynamic gastrointestinal digestion and colon fermentation simulator (DGID-CF) to study the effect on the gut microbiota metabolism in the three colon regions (ascending—AC, transverse—TC, and descending—DC) by means of chronic feeding with 27 g/day for 14 days. HPP-treated onion presented a high content of the flavonols quercetin-3,4’-diglucoside and quercetin-4’-glucoside, and a large percentage of them reached the AC without change. TC and DC progressively increased the total phenolic metabolites 2.5 times respective to day 2, mainly 3-hydroxyphenylacetic, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acids. In addition, the chronic feeding increased the beneficial colon bacteria Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp. and the production of total SCFAs (acetic, propionic, and butyric acids) 9 times (AC), 2.2 times (TC), and 4.4 times (DC) respective to day 1. A multivariate analysis (principal component analysis, PCA) showed a clear separation between the three colon regions based on their phenolic composition (precursors and metabolites). These results showed that HPP-treated onion modulated the human gut microbiota’s metabolism and the DGID-CF is a good system to study these changes.
Keywords: gastrointestinal digestion-colon fermentation model; high-pressure processing; onion; quercetin glycosides metabolites; gut microbiota; short-chain fatty acids gastrointestinal digestion-colon fermentation model; high-pressure processing; onion; quercetin glycosides metabolites; gut microbiota; short-chain fatty acids

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MDPI and ACS Style

Fernández-Jalao, I.; Balderas, C.; Calvo, M.V.; Fontecha, J.; Sánchez-Moreno, C.; De Ancos, B. Impact of High-Pressure Processed Onion on Colonic Metabolism Using a Dynamic Gastrointestinal Digestion Simulator. Metabolites 2021, 11, 262. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11050262

AMA Style

Fernández-Jalao I, Balderas C, Calvo MV, Fontecha J, Sánchez-Moreno C, De Ancos B. Impact of High-Pressure Processed Onion on Colonic Metabolism Using a Dynamic Gastrointestinal Digestion Simulator. Metabolites. 2021; 11(5):262. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11050262

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fernández-Jalao, Irene, Claudia Balderas, María V. Calvo, Javier Fontecha, Concepción Sánchez-Moreno, and Begoña De Ancos. 2021. "Impact of High-Pressure Processed Onion on Colonic Metabolism Using a Dynamic Gastrointestinal Digestion Simulator" Metabolites 11, no. 5: 262. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11050262

APA Style

Fernández-Jalao, I., Balderas, C., Calvo, M. V., Fontecha, J., Sánchez-Moreno, C., & De Ancos, B. (2021). Impact of High-Pressure Processed Onion on Colonic Metabolism Using a Dynamic Gastrointestinal Digestion Simulator. Metabolites, 11(5), 262. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11050262

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