State-of-the-Art Electric Vehicle Modeling: Architectures, Control, and Regulations

Hussein, Hossam M.; Ibrahim, Ahmed M.; Taha, Rawan A.; Rafin, S. M. Sajjad Hossain; Abdelrahman, Mahmoud S.; Kharchouf, Ibtissam; Mohammed, Osama A.

doi:10.3390/electronics13173578

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceReview

State-of-the-Art Electric Vehicle Modeling: Architectures, Control, and Regulations

by

Hossam M. Hussein

,

Ahmed M. Ibrahim

,

Rawan A. Taha

,

S. M. Sajjad Hossain Rafin

,

Mahmoud S. Abdelrahman

,

Ibtissam Kharchouf

and

Osama A. Mohammed

^*

Energy System Research Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Electronics 2024, 13(17), 3578; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13173578

Submission received: 31 July 2024 / Revised: 19 August 2024 / Accepted: 28 August 2024 / Published: 9 September 2024

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Featured Review Papers in Electrical and Autonomous Vehicles)

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Abstract

The global reliance on electric vehicles (EVs) has been rapidly increasing due to the excessive use of fossil fuels and the resultant CO₂ emissions. Moreover, EVs facilitate using alternative energy sources, such as energy storage systems (ESSs) and renewable energy sources (RESs), promoting mobility while reducing dependence on fossil fuels. However, this trend is accompanied by multiple challenges related to EVs’ traction systems, storage capacity, chemistry, charging infrastructure, and techniques. Additionally, the requisite energy management technologies and the standards and regulations needed to facilitate the expansion of the EV market present further complexities. This paper provides a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the state of the art concerning EV-related components, including energy storage systems, electric motors, charging topologies, and control techniques. Furthermore, the paper explores each sector’s commonly used standards and codes. Through this extensive review, the paper aims to advance knowledge in the field and support the ongoing development and implementation of EV technologies.

Keywords: electric vehicles; energy storage systems; transportation electrification; battery management systems; charging technologies; standards and regulations

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MDPI and ACS Style

Hussein, H.M.; Ibrahim, A.M.; Taha, R.A.; Rafin, S.M.S.H.; Abdelrahman, M.S.; Kharchouf, I.; Mohammed, O.A. State-of-the-Art Electric Vehicle Modeling: Architectures, Control, and Regulations. Electronics 2024, 13, 3578. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13173578

AMA Style

Hussein HM, Ibrahim AM, Taha RA, Rafin SMSH, Abdelrahman MS, Kharchouf I, Mohammed OA. State-of-the-Art Electric Vehicle Modeling: Architectures, Control, and Regulations. Electronics. 2024; 13(17):3578. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13173578

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hussein, Hossam M., Ahmed M. Ibrahim, Rawan A. Taha, S. M. Sajjad Hossain Rafin, Mahmoud S. Abdelrahman, Ibtissam Kharchouf, and Osama A. Mohammed. 2024. "State-of-the-Art Electric Vehicle Modeling: Architectures, Control, and Regulations" Electronics 13, no. 17: 3578. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13173578

APA Style

Hussein, H. M., Ibrahim, A. M., Taha, R. A., Rafin, S. M. S. H., Abdelrahman, M. S., Kharchouf, I., & Mohammed, O. A. (2024). State-of-the-Art Electric Vehicle Modeling: Architectures, Control, and Regulations. Electronics, 13(17), 3578. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13173578

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State-of-the-Art Electric Vehicle Modeling: Architectures, Control, and Regulations

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