Parameter Extraction of Photovoltaic Module Using Tunicate Swarm Algorithm
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Problem Statement
2.1. Photovoltaic Panel Module Model
2.2. Objective Function
3. Tunicate Swarm Algorithm
3.1. Prevent Collisions between Candidate Solutions
3.2. Step More toward the Location of the Best Solution
3.3. Stick Close to the Best Solution
3.4. Implementation of TSA for Parameter Extraction
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. TSA for Parameter Extraction of Photowatt-PWP201 PV Module
4.2. Convergence Analysis
4.3. Robustness and Statistics Analysis
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions
- TSA is relatively accurate and reliable at delivering the solution in terms of the RMSE compared with other algorithms such as GSA, PSOGSA, SCA, and WOA.
- The I-V and P-V characteristic curves and IAE results indicate that TSA can generate the optimized value of the estimated parameters for all the solar PV cell models compared with other algorithms.
- The statistical analysis depicts the robustness of the TSA technique in parameter estimation problems under standard operating conditions.
- The convergence curves demonstrate that the TSA obtains the best estimated parameters in terms of RMSE (5.06 10−4).
- From the above discussion, it can be concluded that the TSA is an effective and robust technique to estimate the unknown optimized parameters of the solar PV module model under standard operating conditions.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations and Symbols
Ip | Photo Diode Current |
Isd | Reverse Saturation Current |
Rs | Series Resistance |
Rsh | Shunt Resistance |
A | Diode Ideality Factor |
RMSE | Root Mean Square Error |
PV | Photovoltaic |
I-V | Current-Voltage |
P-V | Power-Voltage |
MPPT | Maximum Power Point Tracking |
Voc | Open Circuit Voltage |
Impp | Maximum Power Point Current |
Isc | Short Circuit Current |
PSO | Particle Swarm Optimization |
WOA | Whale Optimization Algorithm |
SDM | Single diode Model |
DDM | Double diode Model |
IAE | Internal Absolute Error |
RE | Relative Error |
GSA | Gravitational Search Algorithm |
SCA | Sine Cosine Algorithm |
PSOGSA | Particle Swarm Optimization Gravitational Search Algorithm |
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Parameters | Photowatt-PWP201 PV Module | |
---|---|---|
Lower Bound | Upper Bound | |
Ip (A) | 0 | 10 |
Isd (µA) | 0 | 50 |
Rs (Ω) | 0.001 | 2 |
Rsh (Ω) | 0 | 2000 |
a | 0 | 100 |
Algorithms | Iph (A) | Rs (Ω) | Rsh (Ω) | Isd (µA) | a | RMSE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WOAPSO [18] | 1.5032 | 0.0213 | 668.27 | 0.024 | 1.502 | 8.86 × 10−4 |
GSA | 0.0278 | 2 | 1201.097 | 0.050 | 58.4588 | 8.80 × 10−3 |
PSOGSA | 0.0218 | 0.6430 | 1100.437 | 0.01 | 79.7893 | 7.156 × 10−3 |
SCA | 1.0063 | 0.0496 | 1107.399 | 0.039 | 1.0532 | 1.28 × 10−2 |
WOA | 0.0264 | 0.0113 | 588.5011 | 0.0424 | 1.4496 | 9.54 × 10−4 |
TSA | 0.0261 | 0.0017 | 2000 | 0.053 | 1.4727 | 5.06 × 10−4 |
Observations | VL (V) | IL (A) | Isim (A) | IAE (A) | Pmeasured (W) | Psimulted (W) | IAE (W) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.1246 | 1.0345 | 1.0335 | 0.001 | 0.1288 | 0.1256 | 0.0032 |
2 | 0.1248 | 1.0315 | 1.0335 | 0.002 | 0.1287 | 0.1226 | 0.0061 |
3 | 1.8093 | 1.03 | 1.0335 | 0.0035 | 1.8635 | 1.8765 | 0.013 |
4 | 3.3511 | 1.026 | 1.0234 | 0.0026 | 3.4382 | 3.4354 | 0.0028 |
5 | 4.7622 | 1.022 | 1.0234 | 0.0014 | 4.8669 | 4.8766 | 0.0097 |
6 | 6.0538 | 1.018 | 1.019 | 0.001 | 6.1627 | 6.1456 | 0.0171 |
7 | 7.2364 | 1.0155 | 1.0142 | 0.0013 | 7.3485 | 7.3256 | 0.0229 |
8 | 8.3189 | 1.014 | 1.011 | 0.003 | 8.4353 | 8.4453 | 0.01 |
9 | 9.3097 | 1.01 | 1.002 | 0.008 | 9.4027 | 9.4124 | 0.0097 |
10 | 10.2163 | 1.0035 | 1.023 | 0.0195 | 10.252 | 10.245 | 0.007 |
11 | 11.0449 | 0.988 | 0.985 | 0.003 | 10.9123 | 10.9234 | 0.0111 |
12 | 11.8018 | 0.963 | 0.967 | 0.004 | 11.3651 | 11.3554 | 0.0097 |
13 | 12.4929 | 0.9255 | 0.918 | 0.0075 | 11.5621 | 11.5722 | 0.0101 |
14 | 13.1231 | 0.8725 | 0.883 | 0.0105 | 11.4499 | 11.445 | 0.0049 |
15 | 13.6983 | 0.8075 | 0.8173 | 0.0098 | 11.0613 | 11.0521 | 0.0092 |
16 | 14.2221 | 0.7265 | 0.7324 | 0.0059 | 10.3323 | 10.321 | 0.0113 |
17 | 14.6995 | 0.6345 | 0.633 | 0.0015 | 9.3268 | 9.313 | 0.0138 |
18 | 15.1346 | 0.5345 | 0.535 | 0.0005 | 8.0894 | 8.0754 | 0.014 |
19 | 15.5311 | 0.4275 | 0.4356 | 0.0081 | 6.6395 | 6.6367 | 0.0028 |
20 | 15.8929 | 0.3185 | 0.3256 | 0.0071 | 5.0618 | 5.0524 | 0.0094 |
21 | 16.2229 | 0.2085 | 0.2145 | 0.006 | 3.3824 | 3.3724 | 0.01 |
22 | 16.5241 | 0.101 | 0.111 | 0.01 | 1.6689 | 1.6564 | 0.0125 |
23 | 16.7987 | 0.008 | 0.006 | 0.002 | 0.1343 | 0.1347 | 0.0004 |
Sum of IAE | 0.0594 | 0.0927 |
Photowatt-PWP201 Module Model | Algorithm | RMSE | |||
Min | Mean | Max | SD | ||
GSA | 8.80 × 10−3 | 2.65 × 10−1 | 2.08 × 10−1 | 5.85 × 10−3 | |
PSOGSA | 7.156 × 10−3 | 6.47 × 10-3 | 2.83 × 10−1 | 1.81 × 10−2 | |
SCA | 1.28 × 10−2 | 2.26 × 10-1 | 6.35 × 10−1 | 1.78 × 10−2 | |
WOA | 9.54 × 10−4 | 2.35 ×10-2 | 2.63 × 10−1 | 2.83 × 10−2 | |
TSA | 5.06 × 10−4 | 1.45 × 10-3 | 2.34 × 10−2 | 1.25 × 10−3 |
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Sharma, A.; Dasgotra, A.; Tiwari, S.K.; Sharma, A.; Jately, V.; Azzopardi, B. Parameter Extraction of Photovoltaic Module Using Tunicate Swarm Algorithm. Electronics 2021, 10, 878. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10080878
Sharma A, Dasgotra A, Tiwari SK, Sharma A, Jately V, Azzopardi B. Parameter Extraction of Photovoltaic Module Using Tunicate Swarm Algorithm. Electronics. 2021; 10(8):878. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10080878
Chicago/Turabian StyleSharma, Abhishek, Ankit Dasgotra, Sunil Kumar Tiwari, Abhinav Sharma, Vibhu Jately, and Brian Azzopardi. 2021. "Parameter Extraction of Photovoltaic Module Using Tunicate Swarm Algorithm" Electronics 10, no. 8: 878. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10080878