Next Article in Journal / Special Issue
Thermal Behavior and Free-Radical-Scavenging Activity of Phytic Acid Alone and Incorporated in Cosmetic Emulsions
Previous Article in Journal
A Method for Quantification of Penetration of Nanoparticles through Skin Layers Using Near-Infrared Optical Imaging
Previous Article in Special Issue
Stimulation of the Fibrillar Collagen and Heat Shock Proteins by Nicotinamide or Its Derivatives in Non-Irradiated or UVA Radiated Fibroblasts, and Direct Anti-Oxidant Activity of Nicotinamide Derivatives
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
Journals
Cosmetics
Volume 2
Issue 3
10.3390/cosmetics2030236
cosmetics-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Edit a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share announcement question_answer thumb_up
...
textsms
...
Review

GHK-Cu may Prevent Oxidative Stress in Skin by Regulating Copper and Modifying Expression of Numerous Antioxidant Genes

by
Loren Pickart
*,
Jessica Michelle Vasquez-Soltero
† and
Anna Margolina
†
Skin Biology, Research & Development Department, 4122 Factoria Boulevard SE, Suite No. 200, Bellevue, WA 98006, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Academic Editor: Martina Meinke
Cosmetics 2015, 2(3), 236-247; https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics2030236
Received: 17 June 2015 / Revised: 8 July 2015 / Accepted: 21 July 2015 / Published: 28 July 2015
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Antioxidant Potential of the Skin)
View Full-Text Download PDF
Browse Figure

Abstract

The copper binding tripeptide GHK (glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine) is a naturally occurring plasma peptide that significantly declines during human aging. It has been established that GHK:Copper(2+) improves wound healing and tissue regeneration and stimulates collagen and decorin production. GHK-Cu also supports angiogenesis and nerve outgrowth, improves the condition of aging skin and hair, and possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, it increases cellular stemness and secretion of trophic factors by mesenchymal stem cells. GHK’s antioxidant actions have been demonstrated in vitro and in animal studies. They include blocking the formation of reactive oxygen and carbonyl species, detoxifying toxic products of lipid peroxidation such as acrolein, protecting keratinocytes from lethal Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation, and blocking hepatic damage by dichloromethane radicals. In recent studies, GHK has been found to switch gene expression from a diseased state to a healthier state for certain cancers and for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The Broad Institute’s Connectivity Map indicated that GHK induces a 50% or greater change of expression in 31.2% of human genes. This paper reviews biological data demonstrating positive effects of GHK in skin and proposes interaction with antioxidant-related genes as a possible explanation of its antioxidant activity. View Full-Text
Keywords: copper peptides; GHK; glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine; reactive oxygen species; reactive carbonyl species; ferritin iron oxidation; dichloromethane; gene profiling; gene expression copper peptides; GHK; glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine; reactive oxygen species; reactive carbonyl species; ferritin iron oxidation; dichloromethane; gene profiling; gene expression
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
SciFeed

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Pickart, L.; Vasquez-Soltero, J.M.; Margolina, A. GHK-Cu may Prevent Oxidative Stress in Skin by Regulating Copper and Modifying Expression of Numerous Antioxidant Genes. Cosmetics 2015, 2, 236-247. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics2030236

AMA Style

Pickart L, Vasquez-Soltero JM, Margolina A. GHK-Cu may Prevent Oxidative Stress in Skin by Regulating Copper and Modifying Expression of Numerous Antioxidant Genes. Cosmetics. 2015; 2(3):236-247. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics2030236

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pickart, Loren, Jessica M. Vasquez-Soltero, and Anna Margolina. 2015. "GHK-Cu may Prevent Oxidative Stress in Skin by Regulating Copper and Modifying Expression of Numerous Antioxidant Genes" Cosmetics 2, no. 3: 236-247. https://doi.org/10.3390/cosmetics2030236

Find Other Styles

Article Metrics

Article Access Map by Country/Region

1
Only visits after 24 November 2015 are recorded.
Back to TopTop