Unravelling the Extent of Diversity within the Iberian Medicinal Leeches (Hirudinea: Hirudo) Using Molecules and Morphology
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Species Sampling and Morphological Examination
2.2. Molecular Methods
3. Results
3.1. Phylogenetic Reconstruction
3.2. Taxonomic Account
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Species/Provenance | GenBank Acc. No COI | GenBank Acc. No 12S | Haplotype | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Limnatis cf. nilotica | AY763152 | AY763161 | H27 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [1]) |
Hirudo medicinalis Linnaeus, 1758 | ||||
Gorelaya Dolina, Kharkiv Region, UA | AY763148 | AY763156 | H3 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [1]) |
Saale River, Rotherburg, Halle, DE | AY763148 | AY763157 | H4 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [1]) |
Podvinci pond, Ptuj, SI | AY763149 | AY763158 | H5 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [1]) |
Petajnci gravel pit; Murska Sobota, SI | AY763149 | AY763159 | H6 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [1]) |
Hirudo verbana Carena, 1820 | ||||
Lecce, IT | AY763150 | AY763160 | H7 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [1])) |
Lake Ohrid, Ohrid, MK | AY763150 | AY763160 | H7 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [1]) |
Pond Globobaj near Povir, Seqana, SI | AY763151 | AY763160 | H8 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [1]) |
PA55, Island Pag, HR | EF446690 | AY763160 | H8 | (Siddall et al. [5]) |
PA54, Island Pag, HR | EF446691 | AY763160 | H8 | (Siddall et al. [5]) |
OH33, Lake Ohrid, MK | EF446693 | AY763160 | H7 | (Siddall et al. [5]) |
OH31, Lake Ohrid, MK | EF446694 | AY763160 | H7 | (Siddall et al. [5]) |
KR41, Gabrovica, SW, Sl | EF446695 | AY763160 | H8 | (Siddall et al. [5]) |
KR40, Gabrovica, SW, Sl | EF446696 | AY763160 | H8 | (Siddall et al. [5]) |
X1, Lecce, S IT | EF446698 | AY763160 | H7 | (Siddall et al. [5]) |
KA49 Povir, SW SI | EF446699 | AY763160 | H8 | (Siddall et al. [5]) |
KA47 Povir, SW SI | EF446700 | AY763160 | H8 | (Siddall et al. [5]) |
KA46 Povir, SW SI | EF446701 | AY763160 | H8 | (Siddall et al. [5]) |
Kharkiv Reg., Horila Dolyna, NE, UA | JN083793 | JN104650 | H12 | (Siddall et al. [5]) |
Berezivka, SW, UA | JN083793 | JN104650 | H12 | (Siddall et al. [5]) |
Karateri, UZ | JN083793 | JN104652 | H13 | (Siddall et al. [5]) |
Kokhany, S, UA | JN083793 | JN104655 | H12 | (Siddall et al. [5]) |
Krasnodar, RU | JN083793 | JN104649 | H12 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
Severynivka, SW, UA | JN083793 | JN104650 | H12 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
Stavropol, RU | JN083793 | JN104650 | H12 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
Vilkove, SW, UA | JN083793 | JN104649 | H12 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
CRIMEEA. UA | JN083794 | JN104654 | H14 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
Berezivka, SW, UA | JN083795 | JN104650 | H15 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
Shaby, SW, UA | JN083795 | JN104649 | H15 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
Mayaky, Odessa Region, SW, UA | JN083796 | JN104653 | H16 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
Severynivka, SW, UA | JN083798 | JN104651 | H17 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
Izmir, TR | JN083800 | JN104649 | H18 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
North_TR | JN083800 | JN104649 | H18 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
Izmir, TR | JN083801 | JN104649 | H19 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
HV11, Izmir, TR | JN083802 | JN104649 | H20 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
HV12, Izmir, TR | JN083803 | JN104649 | H21 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
HV13, Izmir, TR | JN083804 | JN104649 | H22 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
HV14, Stavropol, RU | JN104641 | JN104650 | H23 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
HV15, Berezivka, SW, UA | JN104642 | JN104650 | H24 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
HV17, MalaK, S, UA | JN104644 | JN104649 | H25 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [4]) |
ANN003, Bikuña pond, Bikuña, Cuadrilla de Salvatierra, Álava, Basque Country, SP | MT797288 | MT796846 | H1 | Present study |
ANN004, Bikuña pond, Bikuña, Cuadrilla de Salvatierra, Álava, Basque Country, SP | MT797288 | MT796846 | H1 | Present study |
ANN005, Bikuña pond, Bikuña, Cuadrilla de Salvatierra, Álava, Basque Country, SP | MT797288 | MT796846 | H1 | Present study |
ANN006, Bikuña pond, Bikuña, Cuadrilla de Salvatierra, Álava, Basque Country, SP | MT797288 | MT796846 | H1 | Present study |
ANN007, León, Cueza, Castilla y León, SP | MT797289 | MT796847 | H1 | Present study |
ANN008, Galicia BUD 3, Gándaras de Budiño pond Pontevedra, Galicia, SP | MT797290 | MT796848 | H2 | Present study |
ANN009, Galicia BUD 4 Gándaras de Budiño pond Pontevedra, Galicia, SP | MT797290 | MT796848 | H2 | Present study |
ANN010, Galicia DON 3 Doniños Lake, A Coruña, Galicia, SP | MT797291 | MT796849 | H2 | Present study |
ANN011, Galicia DON 4 Doniños Lake, A Coruña, Galicia, SP | MT797291 | MT796849 | H2 | Present study |
ANN012, Galicia OCE 2 Orense, Galicia, SP | MT797292 | MT796850 | H2 | Present study |
Hirudo nipponia Whitman, 1886 | ||||
Leech farm Hans Biomed, KR | AY763153 | AY763162 | H9 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [1]) |
Hirudo orientalis Utevsky & Trontelj, 2005 | ||||
Unknown locality in Azerbaijan, AZ | AY763154 | AY763163 | H10 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [1]) |
Agdam District, AZ | AY763154 | AY768704 | H10 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [1]) |
Hirudo troctina Johnson, 1816 | ||||
Bazaar in Marrakech, MA | AY763155 | AY763164 | H11 | (Trontelj & Utevsky [1]) |
Hirudo sulukii Saglam, Saunders, Lang and Shain 2016 | ||||
HS1, Kara Lake, Adiyaman, TR | KU216239 | KU216262 | H26 | (Saglam et al. [7]) |
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Sample ID | Species | Morphotype | Locality | Collector /Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
ANN003 | Hirudo verbana | “bilineated” | Bikuña pond, 42°50′16″ N, 2°19′24″ W, Álava, Basque Country | A. Arias 26 September 2015 |
ANN004 | H. verbana | “bilineated” | Bikuña pond, 42°50′16″ N, 2°19′24″ W, Álava, Basque Country | A. Arias 26 September 2015 |
ANN005 | H. verbana | “bilineated” | Bikuña pond, 42°50′16″ N, 2°19′24″ W, Álava, Basque Country | A. Arias 26 September 2015 |
ANN006 | H. verbana | “bilineated” | Bikuña pond, 42°50′16″ N, 2°19′24″ W, Álava, Basque Country | A. Arias 26 September 2015 |
ANN007 | H. verbana. | “bilineated” | Cueza pond, 42°25′35″ N, 4°55′56″ W, León, Castilla y León | R. Carballeira 22 May 2016 |
ANN008 | H. verbana | “typical” | Gándaras de Budiño, 42°06′43″ N, 8°37′48″ W, Pontevedra, Galicia | R. Carballeira 13 June 2015 |
ANN009 | H. verbana | “typical” | Gándaras de Budiño, 42°06′43″ N, 8°37′48″ W, Pontevedra, Galicia | R. Carballeira 13 June 2015 |
ANN010 | H. verbana | “typical” | Doniños Lake, 42°29′31″ N, 8°18′44″ W, A Coruña, Galicia | R. Carballeira 13 June 2015 |
ANN011 | H. verbana | “typical” | Doniños Lake, 42°29′31″ N, 8°18′44″ W, A Coruña, Galicia Spain | R. Carballeira 13 June 2015 |
ANN012 | H. verbana | “typical” | Ocelo, 42°13′36″ N, 6°52′22″ W, Orense, Galicia | R. Carballeira 13 June 2015 |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 H. medicinalis | 1.3% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 1.4% | |
2 H. nipponia | 20% | 1.4% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 1.3% | 1.4% | |
3 H. orientalis | 7.3% | 20.8% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 1% | 1.4% | |
4 H. troctina | 8% | 18.9% | 8.4% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 0.9% | 1% | 1.4% | |
5 H. verbana Eastern Phylogroup | 8.3% | 19.5% | 8.1% | 8.6% | 0.4% | 0.6% | 0.6% | 1% | 1.4% | |
6 H. verbana Western Phylogroup | 7.7% | 18.8% | 7.6% | 7.7% | 1.8% | 0.7% | 0.7% | 1% | 1.4% | |
7 H. verbana verbana (Iberian) | 7.5% | 18.8% | 7.5% | 7.6% | 3.9% | 4.1% | 0.3% | 1% | 1.4% | |
8 H. verbana bilineata | 7.7% | 19.6% | 7.6% | 7.9% | 4.3% | 4.3% | 1% | 1% | 1.4% | |
9 H. sulukii | 9.4% | 19.7% | 9.6% | 10.3% | 10% | 9.8% | 9.7% | 10% | 1.4% | |
10 Limnatis cf. nilotica | 23.1% | 24.7% | 22.9% | 22.9% | 23.7% | 23.4% | 23.2% | 23.4% | 22.5% |
Species | No. of Specimens | Habitat | Locality | Coll. Date | Reg. Number |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hirudo troctina Johnson, 1816 | 6 | Niebla stream | Plasencia, Cáceres, Extremadura | May 1944 | MNCN 16.02/85 |
Hirudo troctina Johnson, 1816 | 1 | Alagón river | Coria, Cáceres, Extremadura | May 1944 | MNCN 16.02/84 |
Hirudo troctina Johnson, 1816 | 3 | Tiétar river | Casavieja, Ávila, Castilla y León | May 1932 | MNCN 16.02/81 |
Hirudo troctina Johnson, 1816 | 1 | Jerte river | Plasencia, Cáceres, Extremadura | May 1944 | MNCN 16.02/71 |
Hirudo troctina Johnson, 1816 | 1 | Arrago river | Moraleja, Cáceres, Extremadura | June 1944 | MNCN 16.02/70 |
Hirudo troctina Johnson, 1816 | 1 | Panes stream | Panes, Peñamellera Baja, Asturias | August 1992 | BOS Collection |
Hirudo troctina Johnson, 1816 | 1 | Panes stream | Panes, Peñamellera Baja, Asturias | August 1992 | Utevsky S. Collection |
Hirudo troctina Johnson, 1816 | 1 | Bedón river | Naves, Llanes, Asturias | 1980s | BOS Collection |
Hirudo troctina Johnson, 1817 | 1 | Pas river | Vioño de Piélagos, Piélagos, Cantabria | 1980s | BOS Collection |
Hirudo verbana cf. verbana Carena, 1820 | 1 | Kuartango Valley ponds | Zuazo de Cuartango, Álava, Basque Country | 1980-1990 | Utevsky S. Collection |
Hirudo verbana cf. verbana Carena, 1820 | 20 | Kuartango Valley ponds | Zuazo de Cuartango, Álava, Basque Country | 1980-1990 | BOS Collection |
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Arias, A.; Surugiu, V.; Carballeira, R.; Popa, O.P.; Popa, L.O.; Utevsky, S. Unravelling the Extent of Diversity within the Iberian Medicinal Leeches (Hirudinea: Hirudo) Using Molecules and Morphology. Biology 2021, 10, 315. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10040315
Arias A, Surugiu V, Carballeira R, Popa OP, Popa LO, Utevsky S. Unravelling the Extent of Diversity within the Iberian Medicinal Leeches (Hirudinea: Hirudo) Using Molecules and Morphology. Biology. 2021; 10(4):315. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10040315
Chicago/Turabian StyleArias, Andrés, Victor Surugiu, Rafael Carballeira, Oana Paula Popa, Luis Ovidiu Popa, and Serge Utevsky. 2021. "Unravelling the Extent of Diversity within the Iberian Medicinal Leeches (Hirudinea: Hirudo) Using Molecules and Morphology" Biology 10, no. 4: 315. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10040315
APA StyleArias, A., Surugiu, V., Carballeira, R., Popa, O. P., Popa, L. O., & Utevsky, S. (2021). Unravelling the Extent of Diversity within the Iberian Medicinal Leeches (Hirudinea: Hirudo) Using Molecules and Morphology. Biology, 10(4), 315. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10040315