Corrosion Performance Analysis of Tubing Materials with Different Cr Contents in the CO2 Flooding Injection–Production Environment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Procedures
2.1. Test Material
2.2. Experimental Methods
2.2.1. Electrochemical Test
2.2.2. High Temperature and High Pressure Immersion Test
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior of Materials
3.2. Effect of CO2 Partial Pressure on Corrosion Performance of Materials
3.3. Effect of Corrosion Rate on Service Life of Materials
4. Conclusions
- Under the simulated XX Oilfield formation water environment, the open circuit potentials of the three Cr-containing materials were 9Cr > 5Cr = 3Cr; the anodic polarization of the 9Cr material showed an obvious passivation zone, but the passivation state was unstable. Once the pitting corrosion was formed, it expanded continuously, and the pitting corrosion sensitivity was relatively high. The anodic polarization curves of 5Cr and 3Cr materials have no obvious passivation phenomenon.
- Under the condition of simulating the high temperature and high pressure formation water environment and PCO2 changing in the range of 0.2–1 MPa, the 9Cr material has a moderate or lower corrosion degree and relatively good corrosion resistance. The corrosion degrees of 5Cr and 3Cr materials were similar, and both of the two materials have extremely serious corrosion, without an obvious corrosion resistance advantage when compared with carbon steel N80.
- We found that the 9Cr material has good adaptability and meets the design service life of 10 years under the simulation test environment while the 5Cr and 3Cr tubing materials have poor adaptability. Therefore, it is not recommended to use 5Cr and 3Cr tubing materials without anticorrosion measures. We predict that 3Cr, 5Cr, and N80 materials will be used at lower partial pressures of CO2 (<0.2 MPa).
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Element | C | Si | S | P | Mn | Cr | Ni | Mo | V | Cu | Ti |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3Cr | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.002 | 0.009 | 0.48 | 2.91 | 0.065 | 0.076 | 0.012 | 0.024 | 0.003 |
5Cr | 0.091 | 0.20 | 0.002 | 0.009 | 0.36 | 4.90 | 0.045 | 0.09 | 0.021 | 0.053 | 0.002 |
9Cr | 0.12 | 0.31 | 0.005 | 0.014 | 0.36 | 9.01 | 0.066 | 1.00 | 0.017 | 0.0098 | 0.0001 |
N80 | 0.25 | 0.36 | 0.005 | 0.010 | 1.41 | 0.21 | 0.016 | 0.004 | / | 0.015 | / |
Name | BaCl2 | Na2SO4 | NaHCO3 | CaCl2 | NaCl |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Concentration | 1976.4 | 167.56 | 157.92 | 848.0 | 23882.0 |
Material | N80 | 3Cr | 5Cr | 9Cr | N80 | 3Cr | 5Cr | 9Cr |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ecorr | Icorr | |||||||
Condition 1 | / | −680 | −683 | −630 | / | 2.47 × 10−6 | 2.68 × 10−6 | 1.56 × 10−6 |
Condition 2 | −678 | −661 | −667 | −625 | 5.32 × 10−6 | 1.04 × 10−5 | 1.59 × 10−6 | 4.05 × 10−6 |
Test Conditions | CO2 Partial Pressure (MPa) | Temperature (℃) | Material | Medium | Test Period (h) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Condition 1 | 0.2 | 80 | 3Cr | Simulated formation water (See Table 2) | 168 |
Condition 2 | 0.5 | 5Cr | |||
Condition 3 | 0.8 | 9Cr | |||
Condition 4 | 1 | N80 |
CO2 Partial Pressure | Element | 3Cr | 5Cr | 9Cr | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Product Film | Shedding Area | Product Film | Shedding Area | Product Film | ||
0.2 MPa | O K | 53.25 | 18.44 | 56.97 | 27.85 | 32.74 |
Cr K | 11.9 | 3.77 | 19.73 | 6.99 | 10.68 | |
Fe K | 31.83 | 77.79 | 19.83 | 65.16 | 54.67 | |
0.5 MPa | O K | 67.23 | 52.68 | 58.12 | / | 45.67 |
Cr K | 20.78 | 23.66 | 32.09 | / | 15.16 | |
Fe K | 5.52 | 17.52 | 3.88 | / | 36.38 | |
1 MPa | O K | 69.52 | 61.38 | 71.31 | 37.96 | 46.69 |
Cr K | 19.17 | 23.69 | 21.38 | 6.91 | 15.22 | |
Fe K | 5.21 | 7.28 | 3.17 | 55.13 | 35.92 |
Material | 9Cr | 5Cr | 3Cr | N80 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Average corrosion rate (mm/a) | 0.01–0.039 | 0.72–1.58 | 0.64–2.47 | 0.67–2.36 |
Calculated corrosion margin (mm) with reference to pressure requirements | / | 0.93 | 0.93 | 0.93 |
Service life (a) | 23.8 | 1.29–0.58 | 1.45–0.38 | 1.38–0.39 |
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Zhao, X.; Li, G.; Liu, J.; Li, M.; Du, Q.; Han, Y. Corrosion Performance Analysis of Tubing Materials with Different Cr Contents in the CO2 Flooding Injection–Production Environment. Coatings 2023, 13, 1812. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13101812
Zhao X, Li G, Liu J, Li M, Du Q, Han Y. Corrosion Performance Analysis of Tubing Materials with Different Cr Contents in the CO2 Flooding Injection–Production Environment. Coatings. 2023; 13(10):1812. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13101812
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhao, Xuehui, Guoping Li, Junlin Liu, Mingxing Li, Quanqing Du, and Yan Han. 2023. "Corrosion Performance Analysis of Tubing Materials with Different Cr Contents in the CO2 Flooding Injection–Production Environment" Coatings 13, no. 10: 1812. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13101812