Corrosion and Biocompatibility of Pure Zn with a Micro-Arc-Oxidized Layer Coated with Calcium Phosphate
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Material Preparation
2.2. Microstructure and Composition Characterization
2.3. Electrochemical Tests
2.4. Immersion Tests
2.5. In-Vitro Tests
2.6. Wettability Measurement
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Microstructure and Composition Identification of MAO Coating before and after HT
3.2. Electrochemical Characterization
3.3. Immersion Tests
3.4. Cytotoxicity and Cell Morphology
3.5. Wettability
4. Conclusions
- A dual-layer structure MAO1−HT coating consisting of ZnO and CaZnP processed under MAO and HT could be an available surface modification technique. Sufficient dense and rich CaZnP formed on the dual-layer MAO1−HT coating, which is a practical approach to adjust the degradation rate and improve biocompatibility.
- The MAO1 coating could accelerate the corrosion of Zn because of the crevice corrosion between the substrate and the coating. The corrosion performance confirmed by electrochemical measurements could be ranked as: MAO1−HT > pure Zn > MAO1.
- Cytotoxicity was detected in different extract groups, and each group revealed excellent cytocompatibility by MAO-HT treated Zn, whereas pure Zn in low concentration of extract. In addition, the wettability of MAO1−HT treated Zn with a contact angle of 59° also promoted cell adhesion compared with pure Zn with a contact angle of 101°.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Element | wt.% | |
---|---|---|
MAO1 | MAO1−HT | |
O | 23.19 | 34.84 |
Zn | 55.54 | 6.8 |
P | / | 23.99 |
Ca | / | 34.13 |
Si | 21.27 | 0.24 |
Sample | icorr (µA·cm−2) | Tafel Slopes (V/dec) | Ecorr (V) | Rp (kΩ) | Corrosion Rate (mm·Year−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pure Zn | 17.0 | 0.11 (bc), 0.13 (ba) | −1.17 | 1.52 | 0.518 |
MAO1 | 30.1 | 0.10 (bc), 0.24 (ba) | −1.34 | 1.02 | 0.897 |
MAO1−HT | 16.3 | 0.08 (bc), 0.23 (ba) | −1.31 | 1.61 | 0.491 |
Sample | Q1 (10−6·Ω−1·cm−2·s) | n | R1 (Ω·cm−2) | Qdl (10−4·Ω−1·cm−2·s) | Rct (Ω·cm−2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pure Zn | 5.115 | 0.85 | 2710 | 5.5 | 4.7 × 103 |
MAO1 | 7.96 | 0.61 | 232 | 9.025 | 1.4 × 103 |
MAO1−HT | 4.72 | 0.59 | 346 | 2.68 | 8.3 × 103 |
Element | Concentration (mg/L) | |
---|---|---|
Pure Zn | MAO1−HT | |
Zn | 4.947 | 5.342 |
Ca | 63.12 | 107.24 |
P | 28.97 | 58.96 |
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Shi, Y.; Yang, L.; Wang, L.; Zhang, Q.; Zhu, X.; Sun, W.; Shen, J.; Lu, T.; Song, Z.; Liu, H. Corrosion and Biocompatibility of Pure Zn with a Micro-Arc-Oxidized Layer Coated with Calcium Phosphate. Coatings 2021, 11, 1425. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111425
Shi Y, Yang L, Wang L, Zhang Q, Zhu X, Sun W, Shen J, Lu T, Song Z, Liu H. Corrosion and Biocompatibility of Pure Zn with a Micro-Arc-Oxidized Layer Coated with Calcium Phosphate. Coatings. 2021; 11(11):1425. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111425
Chicago/Turabian StyleShi, Yixuan, Lijing Yang, Lucai Wang, Qingke Zhang, Xinglong Zhu, Wensheng Sun, Jianwei Shen, Ting Lu, Zhenlun Song, and Huinan Liu. 2021. "Corrosion and Biocompatibility of Pure Zn with a Micro-Arc-Oxidized Layer Coated with Calcium Phosphate" Coatings 11, no. 11: 1425. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111425