Materials for Orthopedic Bioimplants: Modulating Degradation and Surface Modification Using Integrated Nanomaterials

Round 1

Reviewer 1 Report

This article focus on improving the Surface of Orthopedic Bioimplants Using Integrated Nanomaterials. This is an interesting topic and there also contains much more information about the current research on this topic. This article can be accetped after careful revision.

1.  The article mentioned most of the biomedical materials including Titanium (Ti) and Ti- alloys (Ti-6Al-4V), Stainless Steel (SS), Cobalt (Co) Alloy...According to this general description, beta titanium alloys,which have excellent biomedical properties and mechaincal properties should also be mentioned. Such as (1 Laves phase precipitation in Ti-Zr-Fe-Cr alloys with high strength and large plasticity Rabadia, Materials and Design， 2 Deformation and strength characteristics of Laves phases in titanium alloys, Materials and Design，3 Mechanical behavior and phase transformation of β-type Ti-35Nb-2Ta-3Zr alloy fabricated by 3D-Printing,Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Volume 790, 25 June 2019, Pages 117-126, 4 Influence of oxygen content on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti–Nb–Ta–Zr alloy, Materials & Design, Volume 32, Issue 5, May 2011, Pages 2934-2939, 5 The bone tissue compatibility of a new Ti35Nb2Ta3Zr alloy with a low Young's modulus, International Journal of Molecular Medicine (2013));The in vitro and in vivo performance of a strontium-containing coating on the low-modulus Ti35Nb2Ta3Zr alloy formed by micro-arc oxidation, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine (2015)

2. In addition, there are some related reviews about this Surface Modification of Titanium and Titanium Alloys, which is similar to “4. Surface Modification Effects” in this article. “Review:
1 Surface Modification of Titanium and Titanium Alloys: Technologies, Developments, and Future Interests, Advanced Engineering Materials, 11 December 2019; 2 A Review on Friction Stir Processing of Titanium Alloy: Characterization, Method, Microstructure, Properties, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B)

3. 5.1. Antibacterial Response from Ag-doped Nano-HA Coated Surface . Antibacterial Response research can also be found in “1 TC4/Ag Metal Matrix Nanocomposites Modified by Friction Stir Processing: Surface Characterization, Antibacterial Property, and Cytotoxicity in Vitro; ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces; Volume 10, Pages 41155-41166; ”

4. As for the following sections in this article, some realted research should also be mentioned.:
(1)Microstructure evolution and superelastic behavior in Ti-35Nb-2Ta-3Zr alloy processed by friction stir processing; Acta Materialia; Volume 131, Pages 499-510
(2) Electrochemical and in vitro behavior of the nanosized composites of Ti-6Al-4V and TiO2 fabricated by friction stir process; Applied Surface Science
(3) Proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rat BMSCs on a novel Ti/SiC metal matrix nanocomposite modified by friction stir processing，Scientific Reports (2016)
(4)Effects of Friction Stir Processing on the Phase Transformation and Microstructure of TiO2/ Compounded Ti-6Al-4V Alloy，Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science
(5) Investigation of Deformation Mechanisms in β-Type Ti-35Nb-2Ta-3Zr Alloy via FSP Leading to Surface Strengthening, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science (2015)

5. Some tables about the current developments of the biomedical metals should be listed.

6. Conclusion and future research prospect in each section are needed.

7. The title of this article is “Improving the Surface of Orthopedic Bioimplants Using Integrated Nanomaterials”. However, this paper contains much more content except Surface of Orthopedic Bioimplants.

8. English should be improved further.

Author Response

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Author Response File: Author Response.docx

Reviewer 2 Report

In my opinion this manuscript presents very interesting review, however, I have several questions and point out problems;

(1) The title is misleading in this context, I think. Because this paper has over the topics of materials for bioimplants and degradation.

(2) The chemical reaction formula is misleading as shown in Figure 2 (a), I think. It requires consideration.

(3) What does mean abbreviation ROS (Line 300, et al.)? (4) Line 338, correct (TiO₂₎ to (TiO₂).

I hope these comments will be helpful.

Author Response

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Author Response File: Author Response.docx

Round 2

Reviewer 1 Report

The quality of this revised article is improved and the authors have addressed most of the concerns. It can be accepted after some further careful revision.

1. English should be improved in the whole article.

2. Table 1 Biomedical metals, properties, manufactured bioimplants and their applications. Some information needs corrected.

Ti alloys and β -Ti alloy  (Ti 35Nb 2Ta 3Zr) should be merged as Ti and its alloys similar as Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys  . Also as for β -Ti alloy , it is not Biodegradable.

3. In line 145, what is Ti-35Xr-5Fe-6Mn,please double check.

4. The title of  5.1. Ag-doped Nano-HA Coated Surface  should be updated for it not only contains Ag-doped Nano-HA Coated Surface in this section.

5. In line 399-420. Please summarize the main innovations in the mentioned article.

6. Please check the title of 5. 5 Metal Matrix Nanocomposite, which is not corrcet

7. Conclusion and Future Recommendation is too long.

8. The authors should double check the whole article to improve the quality.

Author Response

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Author Response File: Author Response.DOCX

Reviewer 2 Report

I have annotated the manuscript with several minor corrections, which I believe will improve the readability of the paper.

(1) Line 289: Reference [106]. I believe the reference 106 is not here better reference. You should provide new reference.

(2) Line 350: figure 3d -> Figure 3d

(3) Line 401: You define Ti-6Al-4V as TC4, so hereafter you should use this abbreviation.

Line 401, 402, 430,431,432, 437 and 438. Ti-6Al-4V -> TC4

I hope these comments will be helpful.

Author Response

Please see the attachment

Author Response File: Author Response.DOCX