Alternative Anti-Infective Treatments to Traditional Antibiotherapy against Staphylococcal Veterinary Pathogens
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Treatments Based on Feed Supplements
3. Treatments Based on the Use of Other Microorganisms
3.1. Phage Therapy
3.2. Competitive Exclusion of Pathogens
4. Other Alternative Anti-Infectives Against Staphylococci
4.1. Host-Directed Therapies against Staphylococcus spp. Infections
4.2. Immunotherapies
4.3. Small-Interference RNAs (siRNAs)
4.4. Nanoparticles
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Species | Host | Disease | References |
---|---|---|---|
S. aureus | Humans | Bacteremia; skin abscesses; severe chronic infections | [3,12] |
Dogs and cats | [3] | ||
Horses | [3] | ||
Cattle | Mastitis | [3] | |
Poultry | Skeletal infections | [3] | |
S. chromogenes | Cattle | Subclinical mastitis | [10] |
S. epidermidis | Humans | Septicemia | [8] |
Domestic animals | Bacteremia | [8] | |
S. haemolyticus | Humans | Hemolysis | [2] |
Cats and other small animals | Hemolysis | [2] | |
S. hycius | Pigs | Epidermitis | [2] |
S. pseudintermedius | Dogs | Pyoderma | [2,8,9] |
S. lugdunensis | Humans | Acute skin and soft tissue infections; bacteremia | [2,8] |
Domestic animals | Acute skin and soft tissue infections; bacteremia | [2,8] | |
S. saprophyticus | Humans | Urinary infections | [7,8] |
Treatments | Examples | Tested Species | Model System Used to Test the Effect | Outcome Measure(s) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) | Bacteriocins | S. aureus | In vitro | Curative | [13,18,19,20,21] |
Cyclotides | S. aureus | Animals | [22] | ||
Other AMPs | S. epidermidis | Humans | [16] | ||
Prebiotics | Non-digestible oligosaccharides | - | Animals | Preventative | [23] |
Inulin | S. aureus | Animals | [24] | ||
Anthocyanins | S. aureus | In vitro | [25] | ||
Zeolites | Clinoptilolite | S. aureus | Animals | Curative | [26] |
Polyphenols | Resveratrol | S. aureus | Animals | Curative | [27,28,29] |
Dihydroquercetin | S. aureus | Animals | [27] | ||
Bacteriophages | phiSA012 | Staphylococcus spp. | In vitro | Curative | [30] |
Predatory bacteria | Herpetosiphon sp. | S. aureus S. epidermidis S. sparophyticus | In vitro In vitro In vitro | Curative | [31] |
Myxococcus xanthus | S. aureus S. epidermidis | In vitro In vitro | [31,32,33] | ||
Probiotics | Lactobacillus sp. | S. aureus | Animals | Preventative | [34] |
Lactococcus sp. | - | Animals | [35,36] | ||
Bifidobacterium sp. | - | Animals | [35,36] | ||
Enterococcus sp. | S. aureus | Animals | [36] | ||
Host-directed therapies | Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor | S. chromogenes | Animals | Preventative | [37] |
Secondary metabolites derived from plants | Garlic | S. aureus | In vitro | Preventative | [38] |
Immunotherapies | Monoclonal antibodies | S. aureus | Humans | Curative | [12] |
Transcriptional control | siRNAs | S. aureus | Animals | Curative | [39] |
Nanoparticles | Zinc oxide nanoparticles | S. aureus | Ex-vivo | Curative | [40,41] |
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Mourenza, Á.; Gil, J.A.; Mateos, L.M.; Letek, M. Alternative Anti-Infective Treatments to Traditional Antibiotherapy against Staphylococcal Veterinary Pathogens. Antibiotics 2020, 9, 702. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9100702
Mourenza Á, Gil JA, Mateos LM, Letek M. Alternative Anti-Infective Treatments to Traditional Antibiotherapy against Staphylococcal Veterinary Pathogens. Antibiotics. 2020; 9(10):702. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9100702
Chicago/Turabian StyleMourenza, Álvaro, José A. Gil, Luis M. Mateos, and Michal Letek. 2020. "Alternative Anti-Infective Treatments to Traditional Antibiotherapy against Staphylococcal Veterinary Pathogens" Antibiotics 9, no. 10: 702. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9100702
APA StyleMourenza, Á., Gil, J. A., Mateos, L. M., & Letek, M. (2020). Alternative Anti-Infective Treatments to Traditional Antibiotherapy against Staphylococcal Veterinary Pathogens. Antibiotics, 9(10), 702. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9100702