Recent Advances in Real-Time Label-Free Detection of Small Molecules
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Optical Transduction
3. Electrochemical Transduction
4. Piezoelectric Transduction
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Transducer | Technique | Analyte | LOD 1 | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Optical | SPR | Estradiol | 1.5 pg/mL | [31] |
SPR-based Oscillator | EMPPP | 4.0 fg/mm 2 | [33] | |
GMR | DNP | 75 ng/mL | [39] | |
CAR | Furosemide | 1.5 pg/mm 2 | [34] | |
CSOD | Imatinib | 0.14 e−/µm 2 | [41] | |
Fluorescence | Picric acid | 1.9 ng/mL | [44] | |
Fluorescence | Uric acid | 1.68 ng/mL | [46] | |
Fluorescence | Glucose | 8 mg/mL | [35] | |
Liquid Crystal | L-histidine | 7.8 mg/mL | [48] | |
Electrochemical | Amperometric | Biotin | 0.9 µg/mL | [56] |
Voltammetry | Saxitoxin | 0.28 ng/mL | [59] | |
FET | Dehydroepiandosterone sulfate | 16.5 ng/mL | [61] | |
Quantum EIS | Cortisol | 57.6 ng/mL | [65] | |
EIS | Atrazine | 0.22 zg/mL 2 | [64] | |
EIS | L-arginine | 19.2 fg/mL | [66] | |
RF Resonator | Glucose | 0.11 ng/mL | [67] | |
Capitative Affinity | Bisphenol A | 2 fg/mL | [69] | |
Piezoelectric | QCM | Ochratoxin | 0.4 pg/mL | [72] |
QCM-based | Cocaine | 27 µg/mL | [73] | |
SAW | Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether | 20 µg/mL | [8] | |
SAW | Endotoxin | 2.53 ng/mL | [76] | |
MEMS-based | Phenytoin | 4.06 µg/mL | [77] |
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Chieng, A.; Wan, Z.; Wang, S. Recent Advances in Real-Time Label-Free Detection of Small Molecules. Biosensors 2024, 14, 80. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14020080
Chieng A, Wan Z, Wang S. Recent Advances in Real-Time Label-Free Detection of Small Molecules. Biosensors. 2024; 14(2):80. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14020080
Chicago/Turabian StyleChieng, Andy, Zijian Wan, and Shaopeng Wang. 2024. "Recent Advances in Real-Time Label-Free Detection of Small Molecules" Biosensors 14, no. 2: 80. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14020080