Direct Growth of Bismuth Film as Anode for Aqueous Rechargeable Batteries in LiOH, NaOH and KOH Electrolytes
1
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
2
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Department of Physics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
3
School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Academic Editor: Andy (Xueliang) Sun
Nanomaterials 2015, 5(4), 1756-1765; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano5041756
Received: 19 September 2015 / Revised: 3 October 2015 / Accepted: 16 October 2015 / Published: 22 October 2015
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Materials for Li-Ion Batteries and Beyond)
As promising candidates for next-generation energy storage devices, aqueous rechargeable batteries are safer and cheaper than organic Li ion batteries. But due to the narrow voltage window of aqueous electrolytes, proper anode materials with low redox potential and high capacity are quite rare. In this work, bismuth electrode film was directly grown by a facile hydrothermal route and tested in LiOH, NaOH and KOH electrolytes. With low redox potential (reduction/oxidation potentials at ca. −0.85/−0.52 V vs. SCE, respectively) and high specific capacity (170 mAh·g−1 at current density of 0.5 A·g−1 in KOH electrolyte), Bi was demonstrated as a suitable anode material for aqueous batteries. Furthermore, by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis, we found that with smaller Rs and faster ion diffusion coefficient, Bi electrode film in KOH electrolyte exhibited better electrochemical performance than in LiOH and NaOH electrolytes.
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Keywords:
aqueous rechargeable batteries; Bi; anode; EIS; ion diffusion coefficient
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MDPI and ACS Style
Zuo, W.; Xu, P.; Li, Y.; Liu, J. Direct Growth of Bismuth Film as Anode for Aqueous Rechargeable Batteries in LiOH, NaOH and KOH Electrolytes. Nanomaterials 2015, 5, 1756-1765.
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