Lithium-Excess Research of Cathode Material Li2MnTiO4 for Lithium-Ion Batteries
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College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100087, China
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Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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Institute of Advanced Structure Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
4
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editor: Xueliang (Andy) Sun
Nanomaterials 2015, 5(4), 1985-1994; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano5041985
Received: 15 October 2015 / Accepted: 16 November 2015 / Published: 20 November 2015
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanostructured Materials for Li-Ion Batteries and Beyond)
Lithium-excess and nano-sized Li2+xMn1−x/2TiO4 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4) cathode materials were synthesized via a sol-gel method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments indicate that the obtained main phases of Li2.0MnTiO4 and the lithium-excess materials are monoclinic and cubic, respectively. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) images show that the as-prepared particles are well distributed and the primary particles have an average size of about 20–30 nm. The further electrochemical tests reveal that the charge-discharge performance of the material improves remarkably with the lithium content increasing. Particularly, the first discharging capacity at the current of 30 mA g−1 increases from 112.2 mAh g−1 of Li2.0MnTiO4 to 187.5 mAh g−1 of Li2.4Mn0.8TiO4. In addition, the ex situ XRD experiments indicate that the monoclinic Li2MnTiO4 tends to transform to an amorphous state with the extraction of lithium ions, while the cubic Li2MnTiO4 phase shows better structural reversibility and stability.
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Keywords:
lithium-ion batteries; cathode; titanate material; nanoscale particle; lithium excess; phase transition
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MDPI and ACS Style
Zhang, X.; Yang, L.; Hao, F.; Chen, H.; Yang, M.; Fang, D. Lithium-Excess Research of Cathode Material Li2MnTiO4 for Lithium-Ion Batteries. Nanomaterials 2015, 5, 1985-1994.
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