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Nanomaterials
Volume 14
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10.3390/nano14080731
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Article

Fluoride Removal Using Nanofiltration-Ranged Polyamide Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membrane Incorporated Titanium Oxide Nanosheets

by
Fekri Abdulraqeb Ahmed Ali
1,
Javed Alam
2,*,
Saif M. H. Qaid
3,
Arun Kumar Shukla
2,
Ahmed S. Al-Fatesh
4,
Ahmad M. Alghamdi
1,
Farid Fadhillah
1,
Ahmed I. Osman
5,* and
Mansour Alhoshan
2,4,*
1
Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11432, Saudi Arabia
2
King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
3
Department of Physics & Astronomy, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
4
Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
5
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nanomaterials 2024, 14(8), 731; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14080731
Submission received: 10 March 2024 / Revised: 16 April 2024 / Accepted: 17 April 2024 / Published: 22 April 2024
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Abstract

Drinking water defluoridation has attracted significant attention in the scientific community, from which membrane technology, by exploring thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes, has demonstrated a great potential for treating fluoride-contaminated water. This study investigates the development of a TFN membrane by integrating titanium oxide nanosheets (TiO2 NSs) into the polyamide (PA) layer using interfacial polymerization. The characterization results suggest that successfully incorporating TiO2 NSs into the PA layer of the TFN membrane led to a surface with a high negative charge, hydrophilic properties, and a smooth surface at the nanoscale. The TFN membrane, containing 80 ppm of TiO2 NSs, demonstrated a notably high fluoride rejection rate of 98%. The Donnan-steric-pore-model-dielectric-exclusion model was employed to analyze the effect of embedding TiO2 NSs into the PA layer of TFN on membrane properties, including charge density (Xd), the pore radius (rp), and pore dielectric constant (εp). The results indicated that embedding TiO2 NSs increased Xd and decreased the εp by less than the TFC membrane without significantly affecting the rp. The resulting TFN membrane demonstrates promising potential for application in water treatment systems, providing an effective and sustainable solution for fluoride remediation in drinking water.
Keywords: defluoridation; thin film nanocomposite membrane; titanium oxide nanosheets; Donnan-steric-pore-model-dielectric-exclusion defluoridation; thin film nanocomposite membrane; titanium oxide nanosheets; Donnan-steric-pore-model-dielectric-exclusion

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ali, F.A.A.; Alam, J.; Qaid, S.M.H.; Shukla, A.K.; Al-Fatesh, A.S.; Alghamdi, A.M.; Fadhillah, F.; Osman, A.I.; Alhoshan, M. Fluoride Removal Using Nanofiltration-Ranged Polyamide Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membrane Incorporated Titanium Oxide Nanosheets. Nanomaterials 2024, 14, 731. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14080731

AMA Style

Ali FAA, Alam J, Qaid SMH, Shukla AK, Al-Fatesh AS, Alghamdi AM, Fadhillah F, Osman AI, Alhoshan M. Fluoride Removal Using Nanofiltration-Ranged Polyamide Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membrane Incorporated Titanium Oxide Nanosheets. Nanomaterials. 2024; 14(8):731. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14080731

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ali, Fekri Abdulraqeb Ahmed, Javed Alam, Saif M. H. Qaid, Arun Kumar Shukla, Ahmed S. Al-Fatesh, Ahmad M. Alghamdi, Farid Fadhillah, Ahmed I. Osman, and Mansour Alhoshan. 2024. "Fluoride Removal Using Nanofiltration-Ranged Polyamide Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membrane Incorporated Titanium Oxide Nanosheets" Nanomaterials 14, no. 8: 731. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14080731

APA Style

Ali, F. A. A., Alam, J., Qaid, S. M. H., Shukla, A. K., Al-Fatesh, A. S., Alghamdi, A. M., Fadhillah, F., Osman, A. I., & Alhoshan, M. (2024). Fluoride Removal Using Nanofiltration-Ranged Polyamide Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membrane Incorporated Titanium Oxide Nanosheets. Nanomaterials, 14(8), 731. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14080731

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