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Article

All-in-One Photoactivated Inhibition of Butyrylcholinesterase Combined with Luminescence as an Activation and Localization Indicator: Carbon Quantum Dots@Phosphonate Hybrids

by
Gulia Bikbaeva
1,2,
Anna Pilip
3,
Anastasia Egorova
3,4,
Ilya Kolesnikov
2,
Dmitrii Pankin
2,
Kirill Laptinskiy
5,
Alexey Vervald
5,
Tatiana Dolenko
5,
Gerd Leuchs
6,* and
Alina Manshina
1,*
1
Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
2
Center for Optical and Laser Materials Research, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
3
St. Petersburg Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SPC RAS), Scientific Research Centre for Ecological Safety of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 197110, Russia
4
World-Class Laboratory, St. Petersburg State Technological Institute (Technical University), St. Petersburg 190013, Russia
5
D.V. Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
6
Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nanomaterials 2023, 13(17), 2409; https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13172409
Submission received: 26 July 2023 / Revised: 17 August 2023 / Accepted: 22 August 2023 / Published: 25 August 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Biology and Medicines)
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Abstract

Photopharmacology is a booming research area requiring a new generation of agents possessing simultaneous functions of photoswitching and pharmacophore. It is important that any practical implementation of photopharmacology ideally requires spatial control of the medicinal treatment zone. Thus, advances in the study of substances meeting all the listed requirements will lead to breakthrough research in the coming years. In this study, CQDs@phosphonate nanohybrids are presented for the first time and combine biocompatible and nontoxic luminescent carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with photoactive phosphonate enabling inhibition of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), which is a prognostic marker of numerous diseases. The conjunction of these components in hybrids maintains photoswitching and provides enhancement of BChE inhibition. After laser irradiation with a wavelength of 266 nm, CQDs@phosphonate hybrids demonstrate a drastic increase of butyrylcholinesterase inhibition from 38% up to almost 100% and a simultaneous luminescence decrease. All the listed hybrid properties are demonstrated not only for in vitro experiments but also for complex biological samples, i.e., chicken breast. Thus, the most important achievement is the demonstration of hybrids characterized by a remarkable combination of all-in-one properties important for photopharmacology: (i) bioactivity toward butyrylcholinesterase inhibition, (ii) strong change of inhibition degree as a result of laser irradiation, luminescence as an indicator of (iii) bioactivity state, and of (iv) spatial localization on the surface of a sample.
Keywords: multifunctional materials; carbon quantum dots; butyrylcholinesterase inhibition; luminescence; photoactivation of bioactivity; photopharmacology multifunctional materials; carbon quantum dots; butyrylcholinesterase inhibition; luminescence; photoactivation of bioactivity; photopharmacology
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MDPI and ACS Style

Bikbaeva, G.; Pilip, A.; Egorova, A.; Kolesnikov, I.; Pankin, D.; Laptinskiy, K.; Vervald, A.; Dolenko, T.; Leuchs, G.; Manshina, A. All-in-One Photoactivated Inhibition of Butyrylcholinesterase Combined with Luminescence as an Activation and Localization Indicator: Carbon Quantum Dots@Phosphonate Hybrids. Nanomaterials 2023, 13, 2409. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13172409

AMA Style

Bikbaeva G, Pilip A, Egorova A, Kolesnikov I, Pankin D, Laptinskiy K, Vervald A, Dolenko T, Leuchs G, Manshina A. All-in-One Photoactivated Inhibition of Butyrylcholinesterase Combined with Luminescence as an Activation and Localization Indicator: Carbon Quantum Dots@Phosphonate Hybrids. Nanomaterials. 2023; 13(17):2409. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13172409

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bikbaeva, Gulia, Anna Pilip, Anastasia Egorova, Ilya Kolesnikov, Dmitrii Pankin, Kirill Laptinskiy, Alexey Vervald, Tatiana Dolenko, Gerd Leuchs, and Alina Manshina. 2023. "All-in-One Photoactivated Inhibition of Butyrylcholinesterase Combined with Luminescence as an Activation and Localization Indicator: Carbon Quantum Dots@Phosphonate Hybrids" Nanomaterials 13, no. 17: 2409. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13172409

APA Style

Bikbaeva, G., Pilip, A., Egorova, A., Kolesnikov, I., Pankin, D., Laptinskiy, K., Vervald, A., Dolenko, T., Leuchs, G., & Manshina, A. (2023). All-in-One Photoactivated Inhibition of Butyrylcholinesterase Combined with Luminescence as an Activation and Localization Indicator: Carbon Quantum Dots@Phosphonate Hybrids. Nanomaterials, 13(17), 2409. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano13172409

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