This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Open AccessArticle
Controlling Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Systems Under Uncertainty Using Fuzzy Inference and Evolutionary Search
by
Yukinobu Hoshino
Yukinobu Hoshino 1
,
Keigo Yoshimi
Keigo Yoshimi 1,
Tuan Linh Dang
Tuan Linh Dang 2
and
Namal Rathnayake
Namal Rathnayake 3,*
1
School of Systems Engineering, Kochi University of Technology, 185 Miyanokuchi, Tosayamada, Kami, Kochi 782-8502, Japan
2
School of Information and Communications Technology, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, No. 1 Dai Co Viet Road, Hanoi 610101, Vietnam
3
Marine-Earth System Analytics Unit, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 3173-25 Showamachi, Kanazawa Ward, Yokohama 236-0001, Kanagawa, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Information 2025, 16(9), 732; https://doi.org/10.3390/info16090732 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 18 June 2025
/
Revised: 6 August 2025
/
Accepted: 6 August 2025
/
Published: 25 August 2025
Abstract
Real-time coordination of heterogeneous multi-agent systems in dynamic and partially observable environments poses significant challenges. To address this, we propose a framework that integrates fuzzy inference systems with real-valued genetic algorithms to optimize decision-making under strict time constraints and sensory uncertainty. We evaluate the proposed method in the RoboCup Soccer Simulation 2D League, where 22 autonomous agents coordinate through a fuzzy-evaluated action sequence search. Spatial heuristics are encoded as fuzzy rules, and optimization based on genetic algorithms refines evaluation function parameters according to performance metrics such as number of shots, goal area entries, and scoring rates. The resulting control strategy remains interpretable; spatial heat maps reveal emergent behaviors such as coordinated positioning and ridgeline passing patterns near the penalty area. The experiments against established RoboCup teams, serving as benchmarks, demonstrate the competitive performance of our trained agents while enabling analyses of evolving decision structures and agent behaviors. Our method provides a transparent and adaptable framework for controlling heterogeneous agents in uncertain real-time environments, with broad applicability to robotics, autonomous systems, and distributed control systems.
Share and Cite
MDPI and ACS Style
Hoshino, Y.; Yoshimi, K.; Dang, T.L.; Rathnayake, N.
Controlling Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Systems Under Uncertainty Using Fuzzy Inference and Evolutionary Search. Information 2025, 16, 732.
https://doi.org/10.3390/info16090732
AMA Style
Hoshino Y, Yoshimi K, Dang TL, Rathnayake N.
Controlling Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Systems Under Uncertainty Using Fuzzy Inference and Evolutionary Search. Information. 2025; 16(9):732.
https://doi.org/10.3390/info16090732
Chicago/Turabian Style
Hoshino, Yukinobu, Keigo Yoshimi, Tuan Linh Dang, and Namal Rathnayake.
2025. "Controlling Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Systems Under Uncertainty Using Fuzzy Inference and Evolutionary Search" Information 16, no. 9: 732.
https://doi.org/10.3390/info16090732
APA Style
Hoshino, Y., Yoshimi, K., Dang, T. L., & Rathnayake, N.
(2025). Controlling Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Systems Under Uncertainty Using Fuzzy Inference and Evolutionary Search. Information, 16(9), 732.
https://doi.org/10.3390/info16090732
Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details
here.
Article Metrics
Article Access Statistics
For more information on the journal statistics, click
here.
Multiple requests from the same IP address are counted as one view.