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Volume 13
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Integration of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships into Coastal Waters Supply Chains: A Systematic Literature Review of Safety and Autonomy Challenges

by
Alen Jugović
1,*,
Miljen Sirotić
2,
Renato Oblak
3 and
Donald Schiozzi
4
1
Faculty of Maritime Studies, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
2
Student Center Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
3
Adria Polymers l.t.d., 51513 Omišalj, Croatia
4
Rovinj Port Authority, 52210 Rovinj, Croatia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13(12), 2346; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13122346
Submission received: 6 October 2025 / Revised: 9 November 2025 / Accepted: 26 November 2025 / Published: 9 December 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Ocean Engineering)
Versions Notes

Abstract

This study presents a systematic literature review of 307 peer-reviewed articles on collision avoidance approaches regarding the integration of maritime autonomous surface ships (MASSs) in coastal waters supply chains. The bibliographic data were retrieved from the ISI Web of Science Database and analyzed using Bibliometrix (version 4.3.3.) in R and VOSviewer (version 1.6.20) to map the intellectual, thematic, and network structure of the research area. Three main research clusters were revealed through bibliographic coupling analysis: (1) autonomous collision risk management; (2) methodological approaches to maritime autonomy; and (3) adaptive maritime safety modeling. Content analysis of the identified research clusters enabled the development of a 68-item hierarchical task analysis (HTA) framework for MASS collision avoidance across three operational scenarios: (1) ship-to-object, (2) ship-to-ship, and (3) multi-ship. The results provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of research, identify methodological and safety interdependencies in autonomous navigation, and offer an organized and structured perspective to support the safer and more efficient integration of MASSs into coastal waters supply chains.
Keywords: maritime autonomous surface ships; coastal waters supply chains; collision avoidance; hierarchical task analysis framework; systematic literature review maritime autonomous surface ships; coastal waters supply chains; collision avoidance; hierarchical task analysis framework; systematic literature review

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MDPI and ACS Style

Jugović, A.; Sirotić, M.; Oblak, R.; Schiozzi, D. Integration of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships into Coastal Waters Supply Chains: A Systematic Literature Review of Safety and Autonomy Challenges. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2025, 13, 2346. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13122346

AMA Style

Jugović A, Sirotić M, Oblak R, Schiozzi D. Integration of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships into Coastal Waters Supply Chains: A Systematic Literature Review of Safety and Autonomy Challenges. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2025; 13(12):2346. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13122346

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jugović, Alen, Miljen Sirotić, Renato Oblak, and Donald Schiozzi. 2025. "Integration of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships into Coastal Waters Supply Chains: A Systematic Literature Review of Safety and Autonomy Challenges" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 13, no. 12: 2346. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13122346

APA Style

Jugović, A., Sirotić, M., Oblak, R., & Schiozzi, D. (2025). Integration of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships into Coastal Waters Supply Chains: A Systematic Literature Review of Safety and Autonomy Challenges. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 13(12), 2346. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13122346

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