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Article

Water Surface Behaviour of Irrawaddy Dolphin Orcaella brevirostris (Owen in Gray, 1866) and Influencing Factors in the Bay of Brunei, Brunei Darussalam

by
Nurlisa Azizul
1,
Saifullah Arifin Jaaman
1,*,
Farah Dayana Haji Ismail
1,
Azmi Marzuki Muda
1,
Xuelei Zhang
2,
Hairul Masrini Muhamad
3,
Mohammad Vol Momin
4 and
Bohari Abdullah
4
1
Institute of Oceanography and Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu 21030, Malaysia
2
MNR Key Laboratory for Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography (FIO), Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR), Qingdao 266061, China
3
Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
4
Sakam Enterprise, Unit 17C, 2nd Floor, Bgn. Ben Kassim and Hjh Zaliha, Spg 440, Kg. Sungai Tilong, Muara BC3315, Brunei Darussalam
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(11), 1711; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10111711
Submission received: 8 September 2022 / Revised: 30 October 2022 / Accepted: 4 November 2022 / Published: 9 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Assessment of Marine Mammal Ecological Traits and Habitat Conservation)
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Abstract

There is limited information on Irrawaddy dolphins (Orcaella brevirostris) in the Bay of Brunei, Brunei Darussalam. This research was carried out from 2016 to 2018 to determine the water surface behaviour of Irrawaddy dolphins in the bay, the relationship between behaviour and abiotic factors and the number of individuals displaying the behaviour. Behavioural categories, i.e., feeding, socializing, and travelling in groups or individually, and water parameters were documented during boat-based line transect surveys. “Feeding” (n = 188) behaviour was the dominant activity exhibited by the dolphins. The chi-square test (χ2) shows that the frequency of feeding, socializing, and travelling to the water depth range is significantly high (p-value = 0.03). Forty-six percent (46%) of all behavioural categories occurred at depths 1.00–5.99 m. The number of individuals displaying “feeding” behaviour has a weak positive relationship with depth (p-value = 0.07), turbidity (p-value = 0.7), sea surface temperature (p-value = 0.9) and salinity (p-value = 0.9). This study may serve as a baseline for future research. It can help in planning conservation projects and management for Irrawaddy dolphins in the Bay of Brunei, Brunei Darussalam.
Keywords: Irrawaddy dolphin; behaviour; Bay of Brunei; Brunei Darussalam; parameters Irrawaddy dolphin; behaviour; Bay of Brunei; Brunei Darussalam; parameters

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MDPI and ACS Style

Azizul, N.; Jaaman, S.A.; Ismail, F.D.H.; Muda, A.M.; Zhang, X.; Muhamad, H.M.; Momin, M.V.; Abdullah, B. Water Surface Behaviour of Irrawaddy Dolphin Orcaella brevirostris (Owen in Gray, 1866) and Influencing Factors in the Bay of Brunei, Brunei Darussalam. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10, 1711. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10111711

AMA Style

Azizul N, Jaaman SA, Ismail FDH, Muda AM, Zhang X, Muhamad HM, Momin MV, Abdullah B. Water Surface Behaviour of Irrawaddy Dolphin Orcaella brevirostris (Owen in Gray, 1866) and Influencing Factors in the Bay of Brunei, Brunei Darussalam. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. 2022; 10(11):1711. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10111711

Chicago/Turabian Style

Azizul, Nurlisa, Saifullah Arifin Jaaman, Farah Dayana Haji Ismail, Azmi Marzuki Muda, Xuelei Zhang, Hairul Masrini Muhamad, Mohammad Vol Momin, and Bohari Abdullah. 2022. "Water Surface Behaviour of Irrawaddy Dolphin Orcaella brevirostris (Owen in Gray, 1866) and Influencing Factors in the Bay of Brunei, Brunei Darussalam" Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 11: 1711. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10111711

APA Style

Azizul, N., Jaaman, S. A., Ismail, F. D. H., Muda, A. M., Zhang, X., Muhamad, H. M., Momin, M. V., & Abdullah, B. (2022). Water Surface Behaviour of Irrawaddy Dolphin Orcaella brevirostris (Owen in Gray, 1866) and Influencing Factors in the Bay of Brunei, Brunei Darussalam. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, 10(11), 1711. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10111711

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