Understanding the Complexity of Sjögren’s Syndrome: Remarkable Progress in Elucidating NF-κB Mechanisms
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Sjögren’s Syndrome
3. NF-κB Transcription Factors
4. Small-Molecule Inhibitors of NF-κB in Sjögren’s Syndrome
The Key Role of IκBα in NF-κB Modulation in pSS
5. Impaired NF-κB Signalling Activated by EDA-A1/EDAR in pSS Salivary Glands
6. Toll-Like Receptor-Mediated NF-κB Activation in pSS
Role of TLRs in the NF-κB-Mediated Inflammatory State in pSS
7. Modulation of NF-κB Activation by the Anti CD-20 Monoclonal Antibody Rituximab
Hypothetical Scenario Involving RTX as a Negative Regulator of the NF-κB Pathway in pSS
8. Fine Modulation of NF-κB Activity by TNFAIP3
Reduced TNFAIP3 Expression Levels in pSS Affect NF-κB Signalling
9. Conclusions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Small Inhibitors of NF-kB in pSS | Study | References |
---|---|---|
Iguratimod | Clinical study | [30] |
Syk-inihibitor-Gs-9876 | Clinical study | [30] |
IKKε | Pre-clinical study | [4,30] |
IκBα | Pre-clinical study | [19,26,47,48] |
anti-Ro/SSA autoantibodies | Pre-clinical study | [14,16,24,25] |
TNFAIP3 | Pre-clinical study | [17] |
Calcium mobilization | Pre-clinical study | [53,54] |
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Sisto, M.; Ribatti, D.; Lisi, S. Understanding the Complexity of Sjögren’s Syndrome: Remarkable Progress in Elucidating NF-κB Mechanisms. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 2821. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092821
Sisto M, Ribatti D, Lisi S. Understanding the Complexity of Sjögren’s Syndrome: Remarkable Progress in Elucidating NF-κB Mechanisms. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9(9):2821. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092821
Chicago/Turabian StyleSisto, Margherita, Domenico Ribatti, and Sabrina Lisi. 2020. "Understanding the Complexity of Sjögren’s Syndrome: Remarkable Progress in Elucidating NF-κB Mechanisms" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 9: 2821. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092821