Effects of Robot-Assisted Gait Training in Patients with Burn Injury on Lower Extremity: A Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
Abstract
:1. Background
2. Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Robot Training (n = 17) | Conventional Training (n = 16) | p | |
---|---|---|---|
Male:female | 14:3 | 13:3 | 0.64 |
Age (years) | 53. 94 ± 9.51 | 49.06 ± 15.11 | 0.49 |
TBSA (%) | 33.94 ± 14.64 | 23.19 ± 14.50 | 0.13 |
Mechanism of burn,
n FB:EB:SB:CB | 9:3:4:1 | 7:3:2:4 | 0.37 |
Duration (days) between burn injury and therapy | 82.29 ± 31.50 | 74.19 ± 44.75 | 0.07 |
VAS | 8.06 ± 0.66 | 8.00 ± 1.21 | 0.93 |
FAC | 1.76 ± 0.56 | 1.75 ± 0.58 | 0.96 |
6MWT (m) | 204.41 ± 85.60 | 220.44 ± 10.90 | 0.61 |
Isometric Measurements (Nm) | |||
Hip flexor, right | 22.71 ± 4.79 | 28.44 ± 10.90 | 0.08 |
Hip flexor, left | 23.59 ± 7.87 | 26.69 ± 11.75 | 0.38 |
Hip extensor, right | 16.41 ± 4.21 | 18.38 ± 7.46 | 0.36 |
Hip extensor, left | 18.29 ± 7.86 | 15.81 ± 5.95 | 0.32 |
Knee flexor, right | 15.94 ± 3.03 | 17.63 ± 2.92 | 0.12 |
Knee flexor, left | 15.12 ± 4.54 | 16.06 ± 5.23 | 0.58 |
Knee extensor, right | 17.00 ± 6.15 | 20.38 ± 6.34 | 0.13 |
Knee extensor, left | 16.71 ± 8.47 | 21.13 ± 7.14 | 0.12 |
Ankle dorsiflexor, right | 15.06 ± 8.42 | 17.75 ± 7.39 | 0.34 |
Ankle dorsiflexor, left | 14.01 ± 6.26 | 14.50 ± 8.69 | 0.99 |
Ankle plantarflexor, right | 15.21 ± 8.84 | 18.06 ± 7.22 | 0.14 |
Ankle plantarflexor, left | 16.21 ± 8.05 | 17.19 ± 8.56 | 0.74 |
Range of Motion (degree) | |||
Hip flexion, right | 97.06 ± 6.14 | 100.00 ± 3.65 | 0.28 |
Hip flexion, left | 95.00 ± 11.18 | 98.75 ± 5.00 | 0.40 |
Hip extension, right | 16.94 ± 5.92 | 19.75 ± 6.07 | 0.19 |
Hip extension, left | 18.35 ± 6.10 | 19.75 ± 6.07 | 0.23 |
Knee flexion, right | 119.41 ± 16.67 | 126.19 ± 18.28 | 0.27 |
Knee flexion, left | 111.71 ± 27.12 | 122.00 ± 31.98 | 0.14 |
Knee extension, right | −5.94 ± 8.93 | 0.13 ± 2.99 | 0.05 |
Knee extension, left | −2.47 ± 5.39 | −0.81 ± 3.15 | 0.09 |
Ankle dorsiflexion, right | 16.29 ± 8.04 | 18.31 ± 7.94 | 0.51 |
Ankle dorsiflexion, left | 15.82 ± 6.28 | 14.19 ± 7.34 | 0.71 |
Ankle plantarflexion, right | 28.35 ± 11.89 | 35.69 ± 8.73 | 0.12 |
Ankle plantarflexion, left | 29.88 ± 11.48 | 30.56 ± 11.28 | 0.85 |
Robot Training (n = 17) | p | Conventional Training (n = 16) | p | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Before Training | After Training | Before Training | After Training | |||
VAS | 8.06 ± 0.66 | 4.41 ± 1.18 | <0.001 * | 8.00 ± 1.21 | 5.00 ± 1.03 | <0.001 * |
FAC | 1.76 ± 0.56 | 4.18 ± 0.39 | <0.001 ** | 1.75 ± 0.58 | 3.81 ± 1.05 | <0.001 ** |
6MWT | 204.41 ± 85.60 | 298.53 ± 47.75 | <0.001 * | 220.94 ± 116.88 | 272.19 ± 110.14 | 0.005 * |
Isometric measurements (Nm) | ||||||
Hip flexor, right | 22.71 ± 6.79 | 25.24 ± 7.55 | 0.08 | 28.44 ± 10.90 | 29.38 ± 10.28 | 0.40 |
Hip flexor, left | 23.59 ± 7.87 | 25.00 ± 7.24 | 0.32 | 26.69 ± 11.75 | 27.31 ± 11.88 | 0.49 |
Hip extensor, right | 16.41 ± 4.21 | 18.24 ± 5.47 | 0.02 * | 18.38 ± 7.46 | 18.81 ± 6.91 | 0.68 |
Hip extensor, left | 18.29 ± 7.86 | 18.59 ± 6.43 | 0.84 | 15.81 ± 5.95 | 16.00 ± 5.91 | 0.80 |
Knee flexor, right | 15.94 ± 3.03 | 17.71 ± 5.92 | 0.04 ** | 17.63 ± 2.92 | 18.94 ± 6.06 | 0.34 |
Knee flexor, left | 15.12 ± 4.54 | 19.76 ± 5.30 | 0.001 * | 16.06 ± 5.23 | 16.13 ± 6.96 | 0.96 |
Knee extensor, right | 17.00 ± 6.15 | 23.00 ± 6.21 | 0.003 * | 20.38 ± 6.34 | 25.19 ± 9.17 | 0.04 * |
Knee extensor, left | 16.71 ± 8.47 | 23.29 ± 7.19 | 0.002 * | 21.13 ± 7.14 | 21.25 ± 8.62 | 0.93 |
Ankle dorsiflexor, right | 15.06 ± 8.42 | 17.71 ± 8.45 | 0.04 ** | 17.75 ± 7.39 | 18.44 ± 6.67 | 0.89 |
Ankle dorsiflexor, left | 14.01 ± 6.26 | 17.24 ± 7.94 | 0.02 ** | 14.50 ± 8.69 | 14.19 ± 8.38 | 0.79 |
Ankle plantarflexor, right | 15.21 ± 8.84 | 20.35 ± 8.90 | 0.001 ** | 18.06 ± 7.22 | 19.63 ± 7.08 | 0.18 |
Ankle plantarflexor, left | 16.21 ± 8.05 | 20.88 ± 9.16 | 0.008 * | 17.19 ± 8.56 | 16.06 ± 6.55 | 0.22 |
Range of motion (degree) | ||||||
Hip flexion, right | 97.06 ± 6.14 | 99.76 ± 0.97 | 0.07 | 100.00 ± 3.65 | 99.63 ± 1.50 | 0.66 |
Hip flexion, left | 95.00 ± 11.18 | 99.76 ± 0.97 | 0.07 | 98.75 ± 5.00 | 99.50 ± 2.00 | 0.32 |
Hip extension, right | 16.94 ± 5.92 | 17.94 ± 6.65 | 0.27 | 19.75 ± 6.07 | 21.25 ± 7.02 | 0.78 |
Hip extension, left | 18.35 ± 6.10 | 19.94 ± 5.13 | 0.16 | 20.63 ± 4.50 | 20.13 ± 9.46 | 0.81 |
Knee flexion, right | 119.41 ± 16.67 | 115.88 ± 20.21 | 0.26 | 126.19 ± 18.28 | 132.63 ± 16.32 | 0.22 |
Knee flexion, left | 111.71 ± 27.12 | 117.47 ± 19.65 | 0.21 | 122.00 ± 31.98 | 121.44 ± 25.51 | 0.88 |
Knee extension, right | −5.94 ± 8.93 | −1.18 ± 3.64 | 0.03 ** | 0.13 ± 2.99 | −0.19 ± 0.75 | 0.66 |
Knee extension, left | −2.47 ± 5.39 | −1.12 ± 2.03 | 0.12 | −0.81 ± 3.15 | −0.69 ± 1.54 | 0.66 |
Ankle dorsiflexion, right | 16.29 ± 8.04 | 16.65 ± 5.93 | 0.44 | 18.31 ± 7.94 | 16.88 ± 7.27 | 0.53 |
Ankle dorsiflexion, left | 15.82 ± 6.28 | 16.59 ± 6.01 | 0.34 | 14.19 ± 7.34 | 13.19 ± 11.09 | 0.40 |
Ankle plantarflexion, right | 28.35 ± 11.89 | 36.18 ± 8.00 | 0.008 ** | 35.69 ± 8.73 | 39.63 ± 1.50 | 0.14 |
Ankle plantarflexion, left | 29.88 ± 11.48 | 36.12 ± 7.70 | 0.03 ** | 30.56 ± 11.28 | 34.63 ± 7.56 | 0.09 |
Robot Training (n = 17) | Conventional Training (n = 16) | p | |
---|---|---|---|
VAS | −3.65 ± 1.50 | −3.00 ± 1.51 | 0.23 |
FAC | 2.41 ± 0.62 | 2.06 ± 0.77 | 0.14 |
6MWT | 94.12 ± 61.23 | 51.25 ± 61.55 | 0.05 |
Isometric measurements (Nm) | |||
Hip flexor, right | 2.53 ± 5.60 | 0.94 ± 3.62 | 0.23 |
Hip flexor, left | 1.41 ± 5.62 | 0.63 ± 3.50 | 0.64 |
Hip Extensor, right | 1.82 ± 3.00 | 0.44 ± 2.66 | 0.13 |
Hip extensor, left | 0.29 ± 4.55 | 0.19 ± 2.97 | 0.94 |
Knee flexor, right | 1.76 ± 5.24 | 1.31 ± 5.34 | 0.81 |
Knee flexor, left | 4.65 ± 4.61 | 0.06 ± 4.45 | 0.01 * |
Knee extensor, right | 6.00 ± 6.91 | 4.81 ± 8.79 | 0.67 |
Knee extensor, left | 6.59 ± 7.13 | 0.13 ± 5.66 | 0.01 * |
Ankle dorsiflexor, right | 2.65 ± 4.39 | 0.69 ± 6.01 | 0.14 |
Ankle dorsiflexor, left | 3.22 ± 4.69 | −0.31 ± 4.53 | 0.02 ** |
Ankle plantarflexor, right | 5.15 ± 6.22 | 1.56 ± 5.32 | 0.09 |
Ankle plantarflexor, left | 4.67± 6.35 | −1.13 ± 3.52 | 0.003 * |
Range of motion (degree) | |||
Hip flexion, right | 2.71 ± 5.71 | −0.38 ± 2.75 | 0.26 |
Hip flexion, left | 4.76 ± 10.77 | 0.75 ± 3.00 | 0.40 |
Hip extension, right | 1.00 ± 5.74 | 1.50 ± 5.98 | 0.33 |
Hip extension, left | 1.59 ± 4.39 | −0.50 ± 9.45 | 0.33 |
Knee flexion, right | −3.53 ± 12.50 | 6.44 ± 19.98 | 0.09 |
Knee flexion, left | 5.76 ± 20.44 | −0.56 ± 14.23 | 0.31 |
Knee extension, right | 4.76 ± 7.78 | −0.31 ± 2.87 | 0.09 |
Knee extension, left | 1.35 ± 4.33 | 0.13 ± 3.30 | 0.14 |
Ankle dorsiflexion, right | 0.35 ± 7.07 | −1.44 ± 7.08 | 0.38 |
Ankle dorsiflexion, left | 0.76 ± 2.99 | −1.00 ± 6.16 | 0.33 |
Ankle plantarflexion, right | 7.82 ± 10.24 | 3.94 ± 8.87 | 0.10 |
Ankle plantarflexion, left | 6.24 ± 9.90 | 4.06 ± 8.87 | 0.85 |
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Joo, S.Y.; Lee, S.Y.; Cho, Y.S.; Lee, K.J.; Seo, C.H. Effects of Robot-Assisted Gait Training in Patients with Burn Injury on Lower Extremity: A Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 2813. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092813
Joo SY, Lee SY, Cho YS, Lee KJ, Seo CH. Effects of Robot-Assisted Gait Training in Patients with Burn Injury on Lower Extremity: A Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9(9):2813. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092813
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoo, So Young, Seung Yeol Lee, Yoon Soo Cho, Kuem Ju Lee, and Cheong Hoon Seo. 2020. "Effects of Robot-Assisted Gait Training in Patients with Burn Injury on Lower Extremity: A Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 9: 2813. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092813