Respiratory Muscle Strengths and Their Association with Lean Mass and Handgrip Strengths in Older Institutionalized Individuals
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design and Study Population
2.2. Sociodemographic and Clinical Variables
2.3. Measurement of Respiratory Muscle Function
2.4. Measurement of Sarcopenia
2.5. Haemogram and Analytical Parameters
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Sociodemographic and Clinical Parameters of the Study Sample
3.2. Evaluation of Skeletal Muscle Mass and Function
3.3. Evaluation of the Relationship between Muscle Skeleñata Parameters (Mass and Function) and Muscle Respiratory Function
3.4. Evaluation of the Relationship between Sarcopenia Parameters and Blood Analytical Markers
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
95% CI | 95% Confidence interval |
EDTA | Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid |
EWGSOP | European Working Group for Sarcopenia in Older People |
FEV1 | Forced Expiratory Volume in first second |
FEV2575 | Mesoexpiratory volume |
FVC | Forced vital capacity |
GOT | Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase |
GPT | Glutamic pyruvic transaminase |
MEP | Maximal expiratory pressure |
MIP | Maximal inspiratory pressure |
NS | Non-sarcopenic individuals |
PEF | Peak expiratory flow |
RMS | Respiratory muscle strength |
S | Sarcopenic individuals |
Sat O2 | Oxyhemoglobinic saturation |
SD | Standard deviation |
VC | Vital capacity |
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Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Participants | Mean Value ± SD (Range) or Percentage |
---|---|
Age (years) | 78.6 ± 8.9 (55–93) |
Sex | Male 32.8%Female 67.2% |
IBM (kg/m2) | 28.9 ± 6.1 (18.7–50.2) |
Smokers | 15.5% |
Use of bronchodilators as a usual treatment | 21.1% |
Walking ability | Independent 63.8%Can 3.4%Walker 32.8% |
Comorbidities (Charlson index) | 5.4 ± 1.9 (1–11) |
Diabetes | 31.0% |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 17.2% |
Hypertension | 32.8% |
Hypercholesterolemia | 37.9% |
Congestive heart failure | 10.3% |
Renal failure | 12.1% |
Osteoporosis | 20.7% |
Depression | 19.0% |
Respiratory Parameters | Mean Value (± SD) | Range |
---|---|---|
SatO2 (%) | 95.9 ± 1.9 | 91.0–99.0 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 77.1 ± 14.2 | 49.0–114.0 |
FVC (L/s) | 1.8 ± 0.7 | 0.3–4.4 |
FEV1(L/s) | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 0.3–2.9 |
FEV1/FVC (%) | 76.5 ± 12.1 | 45.9–100.0 |
FEV25-75 (L/s) | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 0.3–3.1 |
PEF (L/s) | 2.8 ± 1.2 | 0.7–5.7 |
MIP (H2O cm) | 36.5 ± 17.4 | 7.0–77.0 |
MEP (H2O cm) | 58.9 ± 23.7 | 10.0–99.0 |
Anthropometric Analysis | Mean Value (± SD) | Range | % of Individuals Fulfilling the EWGSOP Criterion for Sarcopenia |
---|---|---|---|
Muscle mass (Janssen) | 22.8 ± 8.2 | 13.2–49.5 | Reduced lean mass: 17.6% |
Skeletal muscle mass index (Janssen) | 9.2 ± 2.8 | 5.5–20.1 | Reduced lean mass: 17.6% |
Hand grip in dominant hand (Kg) | 17.9 ± 8.5 | 6.5–42.0 | Muscle strength (dominant hand): 84.5% |
Hand grip in non-dominant hand (Kg) | 16.5 ± 7.6 | 3.3–36.7 | Muscle strength (non-dominant hand): 84.5% |
Walking speed (m/s) | 0.6 ± 0.3 | 0.1–1.5 | Physical performance: 65.4% |
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Martínez-Arnau, F.M.; Buigues, C.; Fonfría-Vivas, R.; Cauli, O. Respiratory Muscle Strengths and Their Association with Lean Mass and Handgrip Strengths in Older Institutionalized Individuals. J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 2727. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092727
Martínez-Arnau FM, Buigues C, Fonfría-Vivas R, Cauli O. Respiratory Muscle Strengths and Their Association with Lean Mass and Handgrip Strengths in Older Institutionalized Individuals. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2020; 9(9):2727. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092727
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartínez-Arnau, Francisco Miguel, Cristina Buigues, Rosa Fonfría-Vivas, and Omar Cauli. 2020. "Respiratory Muscle Strengths and Their Association with Lean Mass and Handgrip Strengths in Older Institutionalized Individuals" Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 9: 2727. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092727