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Review

Cardiac Biomarkers in the Emergency Department: The Role of Soluble ST2 (sST2) in Acute Heart Failure and Acute Coronary Syndrome—There is Meat on the Bone

1
Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria di Trieste and Department of Medical Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy
2
Department of Medicine, University of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy
3
Sport and Exercise Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy
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University Cardiology Unit, Cardiothoracic Department, University Policlinic Hospital of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
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Department of Life science, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy
7
Division of Cardiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8(2), 270; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8020270
Received: 30 January 2019 / Revised: 18 February 2019 / Accepted: 19 February 2019 / Published: 22 February 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiovascular and Neurological Emergency)
Soluble ST2 (sST2) has recently emerged as a promising biomarker in the field of acute cardiovascular diseases. Several clinical studies have demonstrated a significant link between sST2 values and patients’ outcome. Further, it has been found that higher levels of sST2 are associated with an increased risk of adverse left ventricular remodeling. Therefore, sST2 could represent a useful tool that could help the risk stratification and diagnostic and therapeutic work-up of patients admitted to an emergency department. With this review, based on recent literature, we have built sST2-assisted flowcharts applicable to three very common clinical scenarios of the emergency department: Acute heart failure, type 1, and type 2 acute myocardial infarction. In particular, we combined sST2 levels together with clinical and instrumental evaluation in order to offer a practical tool for emergency medicine physicians. View Full-Text
Keywords: sST2; biomarkers; stratification; myocardial infarction; acute heart failure; emergency department sST2; biomarkers; stratification; myocardial infarction; acute heart failure; emergency department
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MDPI and ACS Style

Aleksova, A.; Paldino, A.; Beltrami, A.P.; Padoan, L.; Iacoviello, M.; Sinagra, G.; Emdin, M.; Maisel, A.S. Cardiac Biomarkers in the Emergency Department: The Role of Soluble ST2 (sST2) in Acute Heart Failure and Acute Coronary Syndrome—There is Meat on the Bone. J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8, 270. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8020270

AMA Style

Aleksova A, Paldino A, Beltrami AP, Padoan L, Iacoviello M, Sinagra G, Emdin M, Maisel AS. Cardiac Biomarkers in the Emergency Department: The Role of Soluble ST2 (sST2) in Acute Heart Failure and Acute Coronary Syndrome—There is Meat on the Bone. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2019; 8(2):270. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8020270

Chicago/Turabian Style

Aleksova, Aneta, Alessia Paldino, Antonio P. Beltrami, Laura Padoan, Massimo Iacoviello, Gianfranco Sinagra, Michele Emdin, and Alan S. Maisel. 2019. "Cardiac Biomarkers in the Emergency Department: The Role of Soluble ST2 (sST2) in Acute Heart Failure and Acute Coronary Syndrome—There is Meat on the Bone" Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 2: 270. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8020270

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