Type 1 Diabetes/Hidradenitis Suppurativa Comorbidity—A Population-Based Study
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of the Study Population
3.2. Characteristics of HS and Control Subjects with T1D
3.3. Odds of Developing HS with a Preexisting Diagnosis of T1D
3.4. Characteristics of Patients with HS/T1D Comorbidity Compared to HS-Only
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
CHS | Clalit Health Services |
GAD | Glutamic acid decarboxylase |
HS | Hidradenitis suppurativa |
IHD | Ischemic heart disease |
IL-1ꞵ | Interleukin-1 beta |
OR | Odds ratio |
TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor alpha |
T1D | Type 1 diabetes |
T2D | Type 2 diabetes |
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Characteristics | HS Group (n = 10,919) | Control Group (n = 53,314) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Age at diagnosis (years), mean (SD) | 32.2 (13.6) | 32.2 (13.7) | 0.74 |
Sex, N (%) | |||
Male | 4486 (41.1) | 21,966 (41.2) | 0.83 |
Female | 6433 (58.9) | 31,348 (58.8) | |
SES, mean score (SD) | 5.4 (2.3) | 5.4 (2.3) | 0.28 |
Obesity, n (%) 1 | 3414 (31.3) | 7889 (14.8) | <0.001 |
Smoking, n (%) | 5627 (51.5) | 16,724 (31.4) | <0.001 |
CCI score, mean (SD) | 0.9 (1.7) | 1.0 (1.7) | 0.29 |
Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 2032 (18.6) | 7735 (14.5) | <0.001 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 791 (7.3) | 2923 (5.5) | <0.001 |
Hyperthyroidism, n (%) | 70 (0.5) | 268 (0.6) | 0.07 |
Hypothyroidism, n (%) | 522 (4.8) | 2047 (3.8) | <0.001 |
Celiac disease, n (%) | 43 (0.4) | 221 (0.4) | 0.9 |
IHD, n (%) | 225 (2.1) | 852 (1.6) | <0.001 |
Characteristics | Patients with HS and T1D (n = 62) | Control Subjects with T1D (n = 170) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Age at T1D diagnosis (years), mean (SD) | 21.2 (15.5) | 19.8 (11.8) | 0.50 |
Sex, n (%) | |||
Male | 27 (43.5) | 71 (41.8) | 0.90 |
Female | 35 (56.5) | 99 (58.2) | |
Obesity, n (%) | 26 (41.9) | 39 (22.9) | 0.008 |
Smoking, n (%) | 34 (54.8) | 60 (35.3) | 0.01 |
CCI score, mean (SD) | 3.5 (3.1) | 2.2 (1.9) | 0.004 |
Celiac disease, n (%) | 5 (8.1) | 11 (6.5) | 0.90 |
Hyperthyroidism, n (%) | 0 (0) | 5 (2.9) | 0.40 |
Hypothyroidism, n (%) | 18 (29) | 35 (20.6) | 0.20 |
Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 39 (62.9) | 102 (60) | 0.80 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 23 (37.1) | 30 (17.7) | 0.003 |
IHD, n (%) | 12 (19.4) | 12 (7.1) | 0.01 |
Subgroups | Patients with HS and T1D n (%) | Control Subjects with T1D n (%) | OR, Unadjusted (95% CI) | p-Value, Unadjusted |
---|---|---|---|---|
All | 62 (0.6) | 170 (0.3) | 1.80 (1.30–2.40) | <0.001 |
Sex | ||||
Male | 27 (0.6) | 71 (0.3) | 1.88 (1.21–2.90) | 0.005 |
Female | 35 (0.5) | 99 (0.3) | 1.74 (1.18–2.60) | |
Age (years) | ||||
<20 | 6 (0.4) | 21 (0.3) | 1.40 (0.56–3.50) | 0.47 |
20–40 | 37 (0.6) | 114 (0.4) | 1.60 (1.10–2.30) | 0.01 |
≥40 | 19 (0.7) | 35 (0.3) | 2.60 (1.49–4.53) | <0.001 |
Smoking status | ||||
Smoker | 34 (0.6) | 60 (0.3) | 1.87 (1.17–3.00) | 0.009 |
Non-smoker | 28 (0.6) | 110 (0.3) | 2.10 (1.27–3.49) | |
Obesity * | ||||
Yes | 26 (0.8) | 39 (0.5) | 1.77 (1.34–2.35) | <0.001 |
No | 36 (0.5) | 131 (0.3) | 1.96 (1.34–2.89) |
Characteristics | Patients with HS and T1D (n = 62) | Patients with HS Only (n = 10,857) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Age at diagnosis of HS (years), mean (SD) | 35.1 (17.1) | 32.2 (13.6) | 0.10 |
Sex | 0.8 | ||
Male | 27 (43.5) | 4459 (41.1) | |
Female | 35 (56.5) | 6398 (58.9) | |
SES, mean score (SD) | 5.2 (2.5) | 5.4 (2.3) | 0.50 |
Obesity, n (%) | 26 (41.9) | 3388 (31.2) | 0.09 |
Smoking, n (%) | 34 (54.8) | 5593 (51.5) | 0.70 |
CCI score, mean (SD) | 3.5 (3.1) | 0.9 (1.7) | <0.001 |
Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 39 (62.9) | 1993 (18.4) | <0.001 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 23 (37.1) | 768 (7.1) | <0.001 |
IHD, n (%) | 12 (19.4) | 213 (2.0) | <0.001 |
Hyperthyroidism, n (%) | 0 (0) | 70 (0.6) | 1.00 |
Hypothyroidism, n (%) | 18 (29.0) | 504 (4.6) | <0.001 |
Celiac disease, n (%) | 5 (8.1) | 38 (0.4) | <0.001 |
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Sherman, S.; Slama, R.; Bar, D.; Schonmann, Y.; Cohen, A.D.; Taieb, Y.H.; Mimouni, D.; Peretz, A.; Duskin-Bitan, H. Type 1 Diabetes/Hidradenitis Suppurativa Comorbidity—A Population-Based Study. J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14, 2625. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14082625
Sherman S, Slama R, Bar D, Schonmann Y, Cohen AD, Taieb YH, Mimouni D, Peretz A, Duskin-Bitan H. Type 1 Diabetes/Hidradenitis Suppurativa Comorbidity—A Population-Based Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025; 14(8):2625. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14082625
Chicago/Turabian StyleSherman, Shany, Ron Slama, Danielle Bar, Yochai Schonmann, Arnon D. Cohen, Yossef H. Taieb, Daniel Mimouni, Alon Peretz, and Hadar Duskin-Bitan. 2025. "Type 1 Diabetes/Hidradenitis Suppurativa Comorbidity—A Population-Based Study" Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 8: 2625. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14082625
APA StyleSherman, S., Slama, R., Bar, D., Schonmann, Y., Cohen, A. D., Taieb, Y. H., Mimouni, D., Peretz, A., & Duskin-Bitan, H. (2025). Type 1 Diabetes/Hidradenitis Suppurativa Comorbidity—A Population-Based Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14(8), 2625. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14082625