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Volume 13
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10.3390/jcm13061760
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Article

The Incidence of Screw Failure in Fenestrated Polyaxial Pedicle Screws vs. Conventional Pedicle Screws in the Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS)

by
Calogero Velluto
1,*,
Michele Inverso
1,
Maria Ilaria Borruto
1,
Andrea Perna
2,
Guido Bocchino
1,
Davide Messina
1 and
Luca Proietti
1
1
Department of Aging, Orthopaedic and Rheumatological Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
2
Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Fondazione Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza IRCCS, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(6), 1760; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13061760
Submission received: 28 January 2024 / Revised: 6 March 2024 / Accepted: 7 March 2024 / Published: 19 March 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Spinal Deformity: Diagnosis, Complication and Treatment in Adolescent Patients)
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Abstract

Background: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a spinal pathology affecting 0.47–5.2% of the population, often requiring surgical intervention to control deformity progression. Posterior spinal instrumentation and fusion with pedicle screw fixation are standard procedures for AIS curve correction; however, implant failure remains a significant complication, especially in multi-level fusions. This retrospective cohort study aims to compare the failure rates between conventional pedicle screws (CPSs) and fenestrated pedicle screws (FPSs) in AIS treatment, with a focus on investigating potential causes of these failures. Methods: This study, conducted from January 2016 to December 2020, involves a two-center retrospective analysis of AIS patients undergoing posterior instrumented fusion. Results: Data from a total of 162 patients (122 females and 40 males) revealed a mean age of 14.95 years (range: 11–18). The CPS group consisted of 80 patients (56 females and 24 males), whereas the FPS group consisted of 82 patients (66 females and 16 males) stratified by Risser grade and Lenke Classification. Radiological assessments, clinical outcomes, and SRS-22 scores were evaluated pre-operatively, at 6 months, and post-operatively (minimum follow-up of 2 years). Conclusions: Fenestrated pedicle screws (FPSs) pose concerns due to their lower mechanical strength compared to solid screws. Understanding their limitations and optimizing their application in AIS treatment is essential.
Keywords: adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; posterior fusion; pedicle screw; hardware failure adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; posterior fusion; pedicle screw; hardware failure
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MDPI and ACS Style

Velluto, C.; Inverso, M.; Borruto, M.I.; Perna, A.; Bocchino, G.; Messina, D.; Proietti, L. The Incidence of Screw Failure in Fenestrated Polyaxial Pedicle Screws vs. Conventional Pedicle Screws in the Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS). J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 1760. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13061760

AMA Style

Velluto C, Inverso M, Borruto MI, Perna A, Bocchino G, Messina D, Proietti L. The Incidence of Screw Failure in Fenestrated Polyaxial Pedicle Screws vs. Conventional Pedicle Screws in the Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS). Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(6):1760. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13061760

Chicago/Turabian Style

Velluto, Calogero, Michele Inverso, Maria Ilaria Borruto, Andrea Perna, Guido Bocchino, Davide Messina, and Luca Proietti. 2024. "The Incidence of Screw Failure in Fenestrated Polyaxial Pedicle Screws vs. Conventional Pedicle Screws in the Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS)" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 6: 1760. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13061760

APA Style

Velluto, C., Inverso, M., Borruto, M. I., Perna, A., Bocchino, G., Messina, D., & Proietti, L. (2024). The Incidence of Screw Failure in Fenestrated Polyaxial Pedicle Screws vs. Conventional Pedicle Screws in the Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS). Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(6), 1760. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13061760

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