Aqueous Humor Cytokine Profile in Primary Congenital Glaucoma
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Control Group | POAG | PCG | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SD | Range | Mean | SD | Range | Mean | SD | Range | |
Age (years) | 77.63 | 9.31 | 58–93 | 74.00 | 8.88 | 49–92 | 3.72 | 4.68 | 1–11 |
IOP (mmHg) | 15.14 | 2.22 | 10–18 | 20,2 | 5.18 | 15–35 | 32.25 | 12.45 | 18–45 |
Topical treatment (n) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 2.18 | 0.84 | 1–3 | 1.21 | 0.79 | 1–2 |
Cytokines | LOD (pg/mL) | Control Group | POAG Group | PCG Group | Comparison (CG/POAG/PCG) | Post Hoc | Post Hoc | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kruskal–Wallis | PCG/CG | PCG/POAG | |||||||||||
Mean (pg/mL) | SD | Range (pg/mL) | Mean (pg/mL) | SD | Range (pg/mL) | Mean (pg/mL) | SD | Range (pg/mL) | |||||
IL-1b | 0.6 | 0.70 | 1.83 | 0–8.86 | 0.68 | 1.31 | 0–5.18 | 0.07 | 0.15 | 0–0.65 | 0.087 | ||
IL-1ra | 5.5 | 1326.11 | 2824.95 | 0–13,564.38 | 6914.38 | 29,275.3 | 0–207,035.2 | 276.79 | 512.76 | 0–2127.88 | 0.030 * | 0.143 | 0.025 * |
IL-2 | 1.6 | 1.16 | 3.57 | 0–20.4 | 2.67 | 6.15 | 0–28.34 | 0.18 | 0.43 | 0–1.44 | 0.002 * | 0.028 * | 0.001 * |
IL-4 | 0.7 | 0.16 | 0.35 | 0–2.01 | 0.37 | 0.85 | 0–4.28 | 0.11 | 0.16 | 0–0.54 | 0.337 | ||
IL-5 | 0.6 | 13.61 | 23.39 | 0–86.64 | 34.24 | 46.65 | 0–196.8 | 19.62 | 53.07 | 0–230.57 | 0.023 * | 0.282 | 0.019 * |
IL-6 | 2.6 | 16.15 | 71.57 | 0–419.82 | 6.60 | 9.05 | 0–57.41 | 17.06 | 49.48 | 0–218.75 | 0.165 | ||
IL-7 | 1.1 | 5.21 | 10.65 | 0–54.08 | 8.16 | 20.90 | 0–135.98 | 0.78 | 1.10 | 0–4.05 | 0.023 * | 0.049 * | 0.026 * |
IL-8 | 1.0 | 53.66 | 131.60 | 0–509.08 | 110.60 | 396.40 | 0–2360.95 | 4.02 | 3.47 | 0–13.96 | 0.012 * | 0.204 | 0.010 * |
IL-9 | 2.5 | 17.20 | 50.90 | 0–248.96 | 19.79 | 70.31 | 0–412.07 | 3.45 | 7.66 | 0–32.84 | 0.253 | ||
IL-10 | 0.3 | 8.31 | 20.72 | 0–96.21 | 15.35 | 27.95 | 0–119.37 | 0.88 | 1.57 | 0–7.06 | 0.005 * | 0.162 | 0.004 * |
IL-12 | 3.5 | 6.40 | 16.66 | 0–62 | 13.96 | 21.36 | 0–69.81 | 2.80 | 7.62 | 0–32.84 | 0.002 * | 1.000 | 0.010 * |
IL-13 | 0.7 | 0.88 | 3.08 | 0–18.1 | 1.19 | 2.48 | 0–11.43 | 0.28 | 0.34 | 0–1.17 | 0.294 | ||
IL-15 | 2.4 | 272.96 | 684.56 | 0–2569.43 | 427.23 | 839.15 | 0–3406.22 | 3.42 | 10.42 | 0–38.26 | 0.021 * | 0.030 * | 0.034 * |
IL-17A | 3.3 | 12.63 | 30.50 | 0–139.87 | 13.19 | 27.24 | 0–169.62 | 0.81 | 1.99 | 0–8.72 | 0.001 * | 0.004 * | 0.002 * |
Eotaxin | 2.5 | 6.85 | 5.39 | 0–19.09 | 7.49 | 5.81 | 0–26 | 2.83 | 2.26 | 0–8.61 | 0.001 * | 0.005 * | <0.001 * |
FGF basic | 1.9 | 10.31 | 18.36 | 0–67.4 | 15.97 | 54.79 | 0–385.02 | 1.13 | 3.39 | 0–11.1 | 0.009 * | 0.185 | 0.007 * |
G-CSF | 1.7 | 116.68 | 260.36 | 0–1019.52 | 232.09 | 356.24 | 0–1482.36 | 6.56 | 15.05 | 0–64.61 | <0.001 * | <0.001 * | <0.001 * |
GM-CSF | 2.2 | 3.69 | 13.73 | 0–73.26 | 2.23 | 8.17 | 0–53.34 | 0.15 | 0.45 | 0–1.73 | 0.050 * | 0.967 | 0.063 |
IFN-g | 6.4 | 25.40 | 49.53 | 0–230.41 | 33.84 | 58.10 | 0–266.33 | 1.33 | 2.18 | 0–10 | <0.001 * | <0.001 * | <0.001 * |
IP-10 | 6.1 | 10,133.6 | 27,679.3 | 0–112,266 | 16,082.3 | 54,665.8 | 0–359,972.8 | 154.98 | 136.20 | 0–518.3 | 0.089 | ||
MCP-1 (MCAF) | 1.1 | 207.26 | 122.23 | 0–429.27 | 195.99 | 155.70 | 0–501.85 | 150.04 | 80.15 | 0–290.1 | 0.289 | ||
MIP-1a | 1.6 | 1.19 | 1.97 | 0–10.62 | 3.36 | 10.66 | 0–77.43 | 0.16 | 0.31 | 0–1.34 | <0.001 * | <0.001 * | <0.001 * |
PDGF-bb | 2.4 | 42.52 | 124.65 | 0–665.52 | 57.83 | 108.25 | 0–441.59 | 0.88 | 2.09 | 0–5.58 | 0.003 * | 0.012 * | 0.003 * |
MIP-1b | 2.9 | 8.16 | 8.75 | 0–31.06 | 12.32 | 19.95 | 0–108.92 | 2.65 | 3.39 | 0–13.27 | 0.006 * | 0.023 * | 0.006 * |
RANTES | 1.8 | 63.05 | 182.86 | 0–1007.48 | 43.05 | 62.53 | 0–237.97 | 7.82 | 14.24 | 0–61.7 | 0.025 * | 0.100 | 0.022 * |
TNF-a | 6.0 | 14.09 | 26.21 | 0–105.89 | 25.76 | 53.90 | 0–214.78 | 0.84 | 1.23 | 0–3.85 | 0.001 * | 0.001 * | 0.001 * |
VEGF | 3.1 | 826.60 | 2252.27 | 0–9216.14 | 993.76 | 2505.71 | 0–12,789.26 | 49.42 | 177.87 | 0–776.13 | 0.002 * | 0.049 * | 0.001 * |
Cytokines | Age | IOP | Number of Topical Medications | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
r | p | r | p | r | p | |
IL-1b | −0.37 | 0.119 | −0.316 | 0.202 | −0.281 | 0.243 |
IL-1ra | −0.162 | 0.508 | −0.309 | 0.213 | −0.365 | 0.124 |
IL-2 | −0.125 | 0.609 | −0.193 | 0.443 | −0.229 | 0.346 |
IL-4 | −0.103 | 0.675 | −0.138 | 0.585 | −0.151 | 0.536 |
IL-5 | −0.335 | 0.161 | −0.529 | 0.024 * | −0.254 | 0.293 |
IL-6 | 0.477 | 0.039 * | 0.518 | 0.028 * | −0.226 | 0.353 |
IL-7 | 0.271 | 0.262 | 0.359 | 0.144 | 0.159 | 0.515 |
IL-8 | 0.035 | 0.888 | −0.065 | 0.797 | −0.319 | 0.183 |
IL-9 | −0.188 | 0.44 | −0.114 | 0.653 | −0.079 | 0.748 |
IL-10 | −0.208 | 0.393 | −0.413 | 0.089 | −0.148 | 0.547 |
IL-12 | −0.336 | 0.159 | −0.493 | 0.037 * | −0.126 | 0.609 |
IL-13 | 0.261 | 0.28 | 0.604 | 0.008 * | 0.365 | 0.124 |
IL-15 | −0.37 | 0.119 | −0.468 | 0.05 | −0.09 | 0.714 |
IL-17A | −0.328 | 0.17 | −0.37 | 0.13 | −0.319 | 0.184 |
Eotaxin | −0.101 | 0.68 | 0.165 | 0.513 | −0.178 | 0.466 |
FGF basic | −0.096 | 0.697 | −0.261 | 0.295 | −0.309 | 0.198 |
G-CSF | 0.697 | 0.528 | −0.023 | 0.929 | 0.09 | 0.09 |
GM-CSF | −0.172 | 0.481 | −0.286 | 0.25 | −0.083 | 0.735 |
IFN-γ | −0.189 | 0.439 | 0.25 | 0.396 | −0.482 | 0.036 * |
IP-10 | 0.24 | 0.323 | 0.368 | 0.133 | 0.026 | 0.915 |
MCP-1(MCAF) | −0.026 | 0.917 | 0.107 | 0.673 | −0.21 | 0.388 |
MIP-1𝛼 | 0.062 | 0.801 | 0.269 | 0.28 | −0.169 | 0.489 |
PDGF-bb | −0.432 | 0.065 | −0.523 | 0.026 * | −0.208 | 0.394 |
MIP-1β | −0.045 | 0.855 | 0.161 | 0.522 | −0.2 | 0.412 |
RANTES | −0.154 | 0.528 | −0.028 | 0.913 | 0.009 | 0.972 |
TNF-𝛼 | −0.364 | 0.125 | −0.336 | 0.173 | −0.328 | 0.17 |
VEGF | −0.469 | 0.043 * | −0.452 | 0.060 | −0.306 | 0.203 |
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Oribio-Quinto, C.; Burgos-Blasco, B.; Pérez-García, P.; Espino-Paisán, L.; Sarriá, B.; Fernández-Vigo, J.I.; García-Feijóo, J. Aqueous Humor Cytokine Profile in Primary Congenital Glaucoma. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 3142. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093142
Oribio-Quinto C, Burgos-Blasco B, Pérez-García P, Espino-Paisán L, Sarriá B, Fernández-Vigo JI, García-Feijóo J. Aqueous Humor Cytokine Profile in Primary Congenital Glaucoma. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023; 12(9):3142. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093142
Chicago/Turabian StyleOribio-Quinto, Carlos, Barbara Burgos-Blasco, Pilar Pérez-García, Laura Espino-Paisán, Beatriz Sarriá, José Ignacio Fernández-Vigo, and Julian García-Feijóo. 2023. "Aqueous Humor Cytokine Profile in Primary Congenital Glaucoma" Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 9: 3142. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093142
APA StyleOribio-Quinto, C., Burgos-Blasco, B., Pérez-García, P., Espino-Paisán, L., Sarriá, B., Fernández-Vigo, J. I., & García-Feijóo, J. (2023). Aqueous Humor Cytokine Profile in Primary Congenital Glaucoma. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(9), 3142. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093142