Effects of Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitors (ARNIs) on the Glucose and Fat Metabolism Biomarkers Leptin and Fructosamine
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Blood Sampling
2.3. Biomarker Analysis
2.4. Ethics
2.5. Statistics
3. Results
3.1. Concentrations and Dynamics
3.2. Correlations
4. Discussion
5. Limitations
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Metabolism Parameter | Level Baseline Median | Level Follow Up Median | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
LDL (mg/dL) | 85 (58;97) | 84 (60;103) | 0.814 |
HDL (mg/dL) | 51 (37;58) | 49 (40;60) | 0.413 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 156 (122;176) | 150 (132;169) | 0.575 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 130 (90;148) | 141 (92;178) | 0.009 * |
Blood glucose (mg/dL) | 98 (90;115) | 99 (85;114) | 0.391 |
hbA1c (%) | 5.9 (5.4;6.1) | 5.7 (5.4;5.9) | 0.521 |
Renin (ng/L) | 28.9 (6.5;139.0) | 47.5 (6.2; 228.0) | 0.683 |
Aldosterone (ng/L) | 81.5 (51.5;173.0) | 129.0 (77.1;179.0) | 0.208 |
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Baseline Characteristics | Specification | Results | Q1; Q3/SD or % |
---|---|---|---|
Demographics | Age (years) | 62.0 | (±12.7) |
Gender (male/female) | 54/20 | (73;27) | |
Medical history | Ischemic Cardiomyopathy | 36 | (50.0) |
Non-ischemic Cardiomyopathy | 36 | (50.0) | |
Atrial fibrillation * | 20 | (26.8) | |
Dyslipidemia | 42 | (56.3) | |
Diabetes Mellitus | 24 | (32.4) | |
Hypertension | 39 | (54.9) | |
Chronic kidney disease ** | 22 | (30.6) | |
History of smoking | 36 | (51.4) | |
Clinical Measurement | BMI | 28.1 | (23.4;30.9) |
SBP (mmHg) | 125 | (113,137) | |
Heart rate (bpm) | 72 | (60;81) | |
LVEF (%) | 30.2 | (25.0;37.0) | |
LVEDD (mm) | 60.4 | (±8.8) | |
Treatment | ACE/ARB (before ARNI) | 64 | (88.9) |
BB | 63 | (87.5) | |
MRA | 49 | (68.1) | |
Statin | 44 | (61.1) | |
Ezetimib | 7 | (9.3) | |
Loop Diuretics | 40 | (55.6) | |
Thiazides | 3 | (4.2) | |
Metformin | 20 | (27.7) | |
GLP-1 Inhibitors | 7 | (9.2) | |
Insulin | 5 | (6.7) | |
Laboratory | NT-proBNP (ng/L) | 2251 | (415;2679) |
Hemoglobin g/L | 13.9 | (±1.8) | |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 69.7 | (56.0;87.0) | |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 156.3 | (122;176) | |
Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 130.7 | (90;148) | |
LDL (mg/dL) | 85.6 | (58;97) | |
HDL (mg/dL) | 51.5 | (37;58) | |
HbA1c (%) | 5.9 | (5.4;6.1) | |
CRP (mg/dL) | 0.7 | (0.38;0.63) |
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Ohnewein, B.; Shomanova, Z.; Paar, V.; Topf, A.; Jirak, P.; Fiedler, L.; Granitz, C.; Van Almsick, V.; Semo, D.; Zagidullin, N.; et al. Effects of Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitors (ARNIs) on the Glucose and Fat Metabolism Biomarkers Leptin and Fructosamine. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 3083. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093083
Ohnewein B, Shomanova Z, Paar V, Topf A, Jirak P, Fiedler L, Granitz C, Van Almsick V, Semo D, Zagidullin N, et al. Effects of Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitors (ARNIs) on the Glucose and Fat Metabolism Biomarkers Leptin and Fructosamine. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023; 12(9):3083. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093083
Chicago/Turabian StyleOhnewein, Bernhard, Zornitsa Shomanova, Vera Paar, Albert Topf, Peter Jirak, Lukas Fiedler, Christina Granitz, Vincent Van Almsick, Dilvin Semo, Naufal Zagidullin, and et al. 2023. "Effects of Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitors (ARNIs) on the Glucose and Fat Metabolism Biomarkers Leptin and Fructosamine" Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 9: 3083. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12093083