Cutaneous Mastocytosis in Childhood—Update from the Literature
1
“Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 030167 Bucharest, Romania
2
Department of Dermatology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 0611461 Bucharest, Romania
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Department of Urology, “Prof. Dr. Theodor Burghele” Clinical Hospital, 061344 Bucharest, Romania
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Department of Dermatology, “Dr. Victor Babes” Clinical Hospital of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania
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Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University Emergency Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
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Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 0611461 Bucharest, Romania
7
Department of Dermatology, Vălenii de Munte Hospital, 106400 Prahova, Romania
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Academic Editors: Masutaka Furue and Angelo Valerio Marzano
J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(7), 1474; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10071474
Received: 5 January 2021
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Revised: 26 March 2021
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Accepted: 31 March 2021
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Published: 2 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Dermatology)
Mastocytosis (M) represents a systemic pathology characterized by increased accumulation and clonal proliferation of mast cells in the skin and/or different organs. Broadly, M is classified into two categories: Cutaneous mastocytosis (CM) and systemic mastocytosis (SM). In children, CM is the most frequent form. Unfortunately, pathogenesis is still unclear. It is thought that genetic factors are involved, but further studies are necessary. As for features of CM, the lesions differ in clinical forms. The most important fact is evaluating a pediatric patient with CM. It must comprise laboratory exams (with baseline dosing of total serum tryptase), a skin biopsy (with a pathological exam and, if the diagnosis is unclear, immunohistochemical tests), and a complete clinical evaluation. It is also defining to distinguish between CM and other diseases with cutaneous involvement. As for the management of CM in children, the first intervention implies eliminating trigger factors. The available cures are oral H1 and/or H2 antihistamines, oral cromolyn sodium, oral methoxypsoralen therapy with long-wave psoralen plus ultraviolet A radiation, potent dermatocorticoid, and calcineurin inhibitors. In children, the prognosis of CM is excellent, especially if the disease’s onset is in the first or second years of life.
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Keywords:
mastocytosis; cutaneous mastocytosis; systemic mastocytosis; children; antihistamines; PUVA; cromolyn sodium; urticaria pigmentosa
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MDPI and ACS Style
Sandru, F.; Petca, R.-C.; Costescu, M.; Dumitrașcu, M.C.; Popa, A.; Petca, A.; Miulescu, R.-G. Cutaneous Mastocytosis in Childhood—Update from the Literature. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 1474. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10071474
AMA Style
Sandru F, Petca R-C, Costescu M, Dumitrașcu MC, Popa A, Petca A, Miulescu R-G. Cutaneous Mastocytosis in Childhood—Update from the Literature. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(7):1474. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10071474
Chicago/Turabian StyleSandru, Florica, Răzvan-Cosmin Petca, Monica Costescu, Mihai C. Dumitrașcu, Adelina Popa, Aida Petca, and Raluca-Gabriela Miulescu. 2021. "Cutaneous Mastocytosis in Childhood—Update from the Literature" Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 7: 1474. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10071474
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