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Article

Abnormal Liver Function Test in Patients Infected with Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): A Retrospective Single-Center Study from Spain

by
Raquel Benedé-Ubieto
1,2,†,
Olga Estévez-Vázquez
1,2,†,
Vicente Flores-Perojo
3,
Ricardo U. Macías-Rodríguez
4,
Astrid Ruiz-Margáin
4,
Eduardo Martínez-Naves
1,5,
José R. Regueiro
1,5,
Matías A. Ávila
6,7,8,
Christian Trautwein
9,
Rafael Bañares
8,10,
Jaume Bosch
8,11,12,
Francisco Javier Cubero
1,5,*,‡ and
Yulia A. Nevzorova
1,5,9,*,‡
1
Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology & ENT, Complutense University School of Medicine, 28040 Madrid, Spain
2
Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
3
iBroker Global Markets, SV, SA, 28033 Madrid, Spain
4
Department of Gastroenterology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
5
12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), 28041 Madrid, Spain
6
Hepatology Program, CIMA, University of Navarra, 31009 Pamplona, Spain
7
Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra IdiSNA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
8
CIBERehd, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
9
Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany
10
Health Research Institute Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), 28007 Madrid, Spain
11
Barcelona Hepatic Haemodynamic Laboratory, Liver Unit, Institute of Digestive and Metabolic Diseases, August Pi I Sunyer Institute of Biomedical Research, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
12
Inselspital, Bern University, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
 
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*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Contributed equally as first authors.
‡
Contributed equally as senior authors.
J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(5), 1039; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10051039
Received: 6 January 2021 / Revised: 23 February 2021 / Accepted: 23 February 2021 / Published: 3 March 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Infectious Diseases)
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Abstract

The outbreak of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 epidemic has rapidly spread and still poses a serious threat to healthcare systems worldwide. In the present study, electronic medical records containing clinical indicators related to liver injury in 799 COVID-19-confirmed patients admitted to a hospital in Madrid (Spain) were extracted and analyzed. Correlation between liver injury and disease outcome was also evaluated. Serum levels of Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and AST/ALT ratio were elevated above the Upper Limit of Normal (ULN) in 25.73%, 49.17%, 34.62%, 24.21%, 55.84% and 75% of patients, respectively. Interestingly, significant positive correlation between LDH levels and the AST/ALT ratio with disease outcome was found. Our data showed that SARS-CoV-2 virus infection leads to mild, but significant changes in serum markers of liver injury. The upregulated LDH levels as well as AST/ALT ratios upon admission may be used as additional diagnostic characteristic for COVID-19 patients. View Full-Text
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; liver injury; pandemic; AST/ALT ratio; ferritin SARS-CoV-2; liver injury; pandemic; AST/ALT ratio; ferritin
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MDPI and ACS Style

Benedé-Ubieto, R.; Estévez-Vázquez, O.; Flores-Perojo, V.; Macías-Rodríguez, R.U.; Ruiz-Margáin, A.; Martínez-Naves, E.; Regueiro, J.R.; Ávila, M.A.; Trautwein, C.; Bañares, R.; Bosch, J.; Cubero, F.J.; Nevzorova, Y.A. Abnormal Liver Function Test in Patients Infected with Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): A Retrospective Single-Center Study from Spain. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 1039. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10051039

AMA Style

Benedé-Ubieto R, Estévez-Vázquez O, Flores-Perojo V, Macías-Rodríguez RU, Ruiz-Margáin A, Martínez-Naves E, Regueiro JR, Ávila MA, Trautwein C, Bañares R, Bosch J, Cubero FJ, Nevzorova YA. Abnormal Liver Function Test in Patients Infected with Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): A Retrospective Single-Center Study from Spain. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(5):1039. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10051039

Chicago/Turabian Style

Benedé-Ubieto, Raquel, Olga Estévez-Vázquez, Vicente Flores-Perojo, Ricardo U. Macías-Rodríguez, Astrid Ruiz-Margáin, Eduardo Martínez-Naves, José R. Regueiro, Matías A. Ávila, Christian Trautwein, Rafael Bañares, Jaume Bosch, Francisco J. Cubero, and Yulia A. Nevzorova. 2021. "Abnormal Liver Function Test in Patients Infected with Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): A Retrospective Single-Center Study from Spain" Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 5: 1039. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10051039

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