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Volume 10
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10.3390/jcm10020236
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Review

The Neurosurgeon’s Armamentarium for Gliomas: An Update on Intraoperative Technologies to Improve Extent of Resection

by
Alexander J. Schupper
*,
Raymund L. Yong
and
Constantinos G. Hadjipanayis
Department of Neurosurgery, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY 10029, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10(2), 236; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10020236
Submission received: 29 December 2020 / Revised: 6 January 2021 / Accepted: 8 January 2021 / Published: 11 January 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gliomas: Implication for Diagnosis and Treatment)
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Abstract

Maximal safe resection is the standard of care in the neurosurgical treatment of high-grade gliomas. To aid surgeons in the operating room, adjuvant techniques and technologies centered around improving intraoperative visualization of tumor tissue have been developed. In this review, we will discuss the most advanced technologies, specifically fluorescence-guided surgery, intraoperative imaging, neuromonitoring modalities, and microscopic imaging techniques. The goal of these technologies is to improve detection of tumor tissue beyond what conventional microsurgery has permitted. We describe the various advances, the current state of the literature that have tested the utility of the different adjuvants in clinical practice, and future directions for improving intraoperative technologies.
Keywords: extent of resection; fluorescence-guided surgery; 5-ALA; fluorescein; intraoperative imaging; neuromonitoring; iMRI; ultrasound; glioma surgery; glioblastoma extent of resection; fluorescence-guided surgery; 5-ALA; fluorescein; intraoperative imaging; neuromonitoring; iMRI; ultrasound; glioma surgery; glioblastoma

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MDPI and ACS Style

Schupper, A.J.; Yong, R.L.; Hadjipanayis, C.G. The Neurosurgeon’s Armamentarium for Gliomas: An Update on Intraoperative Technologies to Improve Extent of Resection. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 236. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10020236

AMA Style

Schupper AJ, Yong RL, Hadjipanayis CG. The Neurosurgeon’s Armamentarium for Gliomas: An Update on Intraoperative Technologies to Improve Extent of Resection. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(2):236. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10020236

Chicago/Turabian Style

Schupper, Alexander J., Raymund L. Yong, and Constantinos G. Hadjipanayis. 2021. "The Neurosurgeon’s Armamentarium for Gliomas: An Update on Intraoperative Technologies to Improve Extent of Resection" Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 2: 236. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10020236

APA Style

Schupper, A. J., Yong, R. L., & Hadjipanayis, C. G. (2021). The Neurosurgeon’s Armamentarium for Gliomas: An Update on Intraoperative Technologies to Improve Extent of Resection. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(2), 236. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10020236

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