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Vaccines
Volume 12
Issue 7
10.3390/vaccines12070761
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Brief Report

Demonstration of Tunable Control over a Delayed-Release Vaccine Using Atomic Layer Deposition

by
Sky W. Brubaker
*,
Isabella R. Walters
,
Emily M. Hite
,
Lorena R. Antunez
,
Emma L. Palm
,
Hans H. Funke
and
Bryan L. Steadman
VitriVax, Inc., 5435 Airport Blvd Suite 106, Boulder, CO 80301, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Vaccines 2024, 12(7), 761; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12070761
Submission received: 2 June 2024 / Revised: 3 July 2024 / Accepted: 9 July 2024 / Published: 11 July 2024
(This article belongs to the Collection Advance in Nanoparticles as Vaccine Adjuvants)
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Abstract

Many vaccines require multiple doses for full efficacy, posing a barrier for patient adherence and protection. One solution to achieve full vaccination may be attained with single-administration vaccines containing multiple controlled release doses. In this study, delayed-release vaccines were generated using atomic layer deposition (ALD) to coat antigen-containing powders with alumina. Using in vitro and in vivo methods, we show that increasing the coat thickness controls the kinetics of antigen release and antibody response, ranging from weeks to months. Our results establish an in vitro–in vivo correlation with a level of tunable control over the antigen release and antibody response times with the potential to impact future vaccine design.
Keywords: single-administration vaccines; atomic layer deposition; controlled antigen release; in vitro–in vivo correlation single-administration vaccines; atomic layer deposition; controlled antigen release; in vitro–in vivo correlation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Brubaker, S.W.; Walters, I.R.; Hite, E.M.; Antunez, L.R.; Palm, E.L.; Funke, H.H.; Steadman, B.L. Demonstration of Tunable Control over a Delayed-Release Vaccine Using Atomic Layer Deposition. Vaccines 2024, 12, 761. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12070761

AMA Style

Brubaker SW, Walters IR, Hite EM, Antunez LR, Palm EL, Funke HH, Steadman BL. Demonstration of Tunable Control over a Delayed-Release Vaccine Using Atomic Layer Deposition. Vaccines. 2024; 12(7):761. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12070761

Chicago/Turabian Style

Brubaker, Sky W., Isabella R. Walters, Emily M. Hite, Lorena R. Antunez, Emma L. Palm, Hans H. Funke, and Bryan L. Steadman. 2024. "Demonstration of Tunable Control over a Delayed-Release Vaccine Using Atomic Layer Deposition" Vaccines 12, no. 7: 761. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12070761

APA Style

Brubaker, S. W., Walters, I. R., Hite, E. M., Antunez, L. R., Palm, E. L., Funke, H. H., & Steadman, B. L. (2024). Demonstration of Tunable Control over a Delayed-Release Vaccine Using Atomic Layer Deposition. Vaccines, 12(7), 761. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12070761

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