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Volume 11
Issue 4
10.3390/vaccines11040724
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Systematic Review

Humoral Response in Hemodialysis Patients Post-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination: A Systematic Review of Literature

by
Kin Israel Notarte
1,
Jesus Alfonso Catahay
2,
Princess Juneire Peligro
3,
Jacqueline Veronica Velasco
3,
Abbygail Therese Ver
3,
Jonathan Jaime Guerrero
4,
Jin Liu
1,
Giuseppe Lippi
5,
Stefanie W. Benoit
6,7,
Brandon Michael Henry
6 and
César Fernández-de-las-Peñas
8,*
1
Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
2
Department of Medicine, Saint Peter’s University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
3
Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Santo Tomas, Manila 1008, Philippines
4
Learning Unit IV, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila 1001, Philippines
5
Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy
6
Clinical Laboratory, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
7
Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45103, USA
8
Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28922 Madrid, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Vaccines 2023, 11(4), 724; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11040724
Submission received: 10 February 2023 / Revised: 20 March 2023 / Accepted: 22 March 2023 / Published: 24 March 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines in Hemodialysis Patients)
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Abstract

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has infected over 600 million individuals and caused nearly 7 million deaths worldwide (10 January 2023). Patients with renal disease undergoing hemodialysis are among those most adversely affected, with an increased predisposition to SARS-CoV-2 infection and death. This systematic review aimed to pool evidence assessing the humoral response of hemodialysis patients (HDP) post-mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. A systematic search of the literature was performed through MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases, as well as medRxiv and bioRxiv preprint servers up to 10 January 2023. Cohort and case-control studies were included if they reported an immune response in one group of patients undergoing hemodialysis who received mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination compared with another group of patients receiving the same vaccine but not on hemodialysis. The methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was not deemed appropriate due to the high heterogeneity between studies. From the 120 studies identified, nine (n = 1969 participants) met the inclusion criteria. Most studies (n = 8/9, 88%) were of high or medium methodological quality (≥6/9 stars). The results revealed that HDP developed lower antibody levels across all timepoints post-vaccination when compared with controls. Patients with chronic kidney disease elicited the highest antibody immune response, followed by HDP and, lastly, kidney transplant recipients. Overall, post-vaccination antibody titers were comparatively lower than in the healthy population. Current results imply that robust vaccination strategies are needed to address waning immune responses in vulnerable populations.
Keywords: COVID-19; mRNA-vaccines; hemodialysis; antibody titer; adaptive immunity COVID-19; mRNA-vaccines; hemodialysis; antibody titer; adaptive immunity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Notarte, K.I.; Catahay, J.A.; Peligro, P.J.; Velasco, J.V.; Ver, A.T.; Guerrero, J.J.; Liu, J.; Lippi, G.; Benoit, S.W.; Henry, B.M.; et al. Humoral Response in Hemodialysis Patients Post-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination: A Systematic Review of Literature. Vaccines 2023, 11, 724. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11040724

AMA Style

Notarte KI, Catahay JA, Peligro PJ, Velasco JV, Ver AT, Guerrero JJ, Liu J, Lippi G, Benoit SW, Henry BM, et al. Humoral Response in Hemodialysis Patients Post-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination: A Systematic Review of Literature. Vaccines. 2023; 11(4):724. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11040724

Chicago/Turabian Style

Notarte, Kin Israel, Jesus Alfonso Catahay, Princess Juneire Peligro, Jacqueline Veronica Velasco, Abbygail Therese Ver, Jonathan Jaime Guerrero, Jin Liu, Giuseppe Lippi, Stefanie W. Benoit, Brandon Michael Henry, and et al. 2023. "Humoral Response in Hemodialysis Patients Post-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination: A Systematic Review of Literature" Vaccines 11, no. 4: 724. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11040724

APA Style

Notarte, K. I., Catahay, J. A., Peligro, P. J., Velasco, J. V., Ver, A. T., Guerrero, J. J., Liu, J., Lippi, G., Benoit, S. W., Henry, B. M., & Fernández-de-las-Peñas, C. (2023). Humoral Response in Hemodialysis Patients Post-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination: A Systematic Review of Literature. Vaccines, 11(4), 724. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11040724

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