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Antioxidants
Volume 10
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Article

High-Carbohydrate Diet Alleviates the Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis of Megalobrama amblycephala Following Dietary Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles

by
Fang Chen
1,†,
Cai-Yuan Zhao
2,†,
Jun-Feng Guan
1,
Xiao-Cheng Liu
1,
Xiang-Fei Li
3,
Di-Zhi Xie
1 and
Chao Xu
1,*
1
College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, No.483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China
2
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Southern Marine Sciences and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
3
Key Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed Science of Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang Road, Nanjing 210095, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
The authors contribute equally to work.
Antioxidants 2021, 10(9), 1343; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10091343
Submission received: 9 July 2021 / Revised: 2 August 2021 / Accepted: 23 August 2021 / Published: 25 August 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Stress and Antioxidant Defences)
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Abstract

A 12-week feeding trial was performed to evaluate the effects of high-carbohydrate diet on oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis induced by silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) in M. amblycephala. Fish (20.12 ± 0.85 g) were randomly fed four diets (one control diet (C, 30% carbohydrate), one control diet supplemented with 100 mg kg−1 Ag-NPs (CS), one high-carbohydrate diet (HC, 45% carbohydrate) and one HC diet supplemented with 100 mg kg−1 Ag-NPs (HCS)). The results indicated that weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), antioxidant enzyme (SOD and CAT) activities and expression of Trx, Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, CAT and GPx1 of fish fed CS diet were all remarkably lower than those of other groups, whereas the opposite was true for plasma IL 1β and IL 6 levels, liver ROS contents, hepatocytes apoptotic rate, AMP/ATP ratio, AMPKα, P 53 and caspase 3 protein contents and mRNA levels of AMPKα 1, AMPKα 2, TXNIP, NF-κB, TNFα, IL 1β, IL 6, P 53, Bax and caspase 3. However, high-carbohydrate diet remarkably increased WGR, SGR, liver SOD and CAT activities, AMPKα protein content and mRNA levels of antioxidant genes (Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, CAT and GPx1), anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL 10) and anti-apoptotic genes (Bcl 2) of fish facing Ag-NPs compared with the CS group, while the opposite was true for liver ROS contents, hepatocytes apoptotic rate, P 53 and caspase 3 protein contents, as well as mRNA levels of TXNIP, NF-κB, TNFα, IL 1β, IL 6, P 53, Bax and caspase 3. Overall, high-carbohydrate diet could attenuate Ag-NPs-induced hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis of M. amblycephala through AMPK activation.
Keywords: silver nanoparticles; apoptosis; inflammation; daily component; Megalobrama amblycephala silver nanoparticles; apoptosis; inflammation; daily component; Megalobrama amblycephala

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MDPI and ACS Style

Chen, F.; Zhao, C.-Y.; Guan, J.-F.; Liu, X.-C.; Li, X.-F.; Xie, D.-Z.; Xu, C. High-Carbohydrate Diet Alleviates the Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis of Megalobrama amblycephala Following Dietary Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 1343. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10091343

AMA Style

Chen F, Zhao C-Y, Guan J-F, Liu X-C, Li X-F, Xie D-Z, Xu C. High-Carbohydrate Diet Alleviates the Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis of Megalobrama amblycephala Following Dietary Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles. Antioxidants. 2021; 10(9):1343. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10091343

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chen, Fang, Cai-Yuan Zhao, Jun-Feng Guan, Xiao-Cheng Liu, Xiang-Fei Li, Di-Zhi Xie, and Chao Xu. 2021. "High-Carbohydrate Diet Alleviates the Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis of Megalobrama amblycephala Following Dietary Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles" Antioxidants 10, no. 9: 1343. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10091343

APA Style

Chen, F., Zhao, C.-Y., Guan, J.-F., Liu, X.-C., Li, X.-F., Xie, D.-Z., & Xu, C. (2021). High-Carbohydrate Diet Alleviates the Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Apoptosis of Megalobrama amblycephala Following Dietary Exposure to Silver Nanoparticles. Antioxidants, 10(9), 1343. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10091343

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