Towards New Diagnostic Approaches in Disorders of Consciousness: A Proof of Concept Study on the Promising Use of Imagery Visuomotor Task
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Recording Session
2.3. EEG Recording
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Reliability of the EEG Changes in Terms of Motor Imagery
4.2. Significance of EEG Responses to Motor Imagery Task toward Awareness
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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DoC | Gender (F:M) | Age (y) | dd (m) | Etiology | MRI | CRS-R | Visual Function | VMI | sMI | aMI | VMI-sMI | VMI-aMI | sMI-aMI | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CA | p | CA | p | CA | p | |||||||||||
MCS (n = 9) | F | 72 | 26 | T | multiple_h | 14 | 4 | 30 | 0.01 | 21 | 0.2 | np | 1.1 | na | na | |
M | 74 | 17 | A | WMH | 14 | 4 | 60 | 0.005 | 41 | 0.01 | 26 | 0.1 | 2.3 | 4 | 2.5 | |
M | 35 | 23 | A | WMH | 19 | 5 | 50 | 0.02 | 37 | 0.01 | np | 1.5 | na | na | ||
F | 43 | 19 | T | DAI Fb_h | 14 | 3 | 92 | 0.006 | 16 | 0.3 | 60 | 0.04 | 9 | 3.8 | 7.4 | |
F | 35 | 18 | A | WMH | 17 | 4 | 70 | 0.03 | 27 | 0.2 | 28 | 0.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 0.2 | |
M | 50 | 16 | T | multiple_h | 18 | 5 | 93 | 0.1 | 64 | 0.01 | 21 | 0.2 | 3.4 | 8.5 | 7.4 | |
F | 51 | 15 | V | DAI Fb_h | 14 | 4 | 75 | 0.1 | 26 | 0.2 | 41 | 0.04 | 5.8 | 4 | 2.5 | |
M | 36 | 13 | V | SAH | 14 | 3 | 80 | 0.002 | 60 | 0.01 | 50 | 0.01 | 2.3 | 3.5 | 1.8 | |
F | 32 | 12 | A | WMH | 14 | 4 | 95 | 0.1 | 22 | 0.2 | np | 8.6 | na | na | ||
mean ± sd | 5:4 | 48 ± 16 | 18 ± 5 | 15 ± 2 | 4 ± 0.7 | 72 ± 22 | 35 ± 17 | 0.001 | 0.006 | 0.8 | ||||||
UWS (n = 11) | M | 56 | 27 | V | SAH | 7 | 2 | 29 | 0.1 | 24 | 0.2 | 23 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1 | 0.2 |
F | 50 | 16 | A | WMH | 7 | 1 | 21 | 0.2 | 25 | 0.2 | np | 0.1 | na | na | ||
F | 40 | 20 | T | DAI F_h | 7 | 2 | 28 | 0.2 | 12 | 0.3 | 23 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 1.2 | |
F | 78 | 11 | V | FP_is | 5 | 2 | 23 | 0.1 | 12 | 0.3 | np | 0.2 | na | na | ||
F | 47 | 10 | T | DAI FP_h | 5 | 1 | 49 | 0.1 | 23 | 0.2 | np | 0.6 | na | na | ||
M | 46 | 17 | T | DAI F_h | 5 | 2 | 38 | 0.1 | 21 | 0.2 | 27 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 1.8 | 1.2 | |
M | 27 | 12 | V | SAH | 7 | 2 | 28 | 0.1 | 19 | 0.2 | 29 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1 | |
M* | 33 | 9 | T | DAI F_h | 6 | 2 | 81 | 0.03 | 59 | 0.2 | 70 | 0.04 | 3.3 | 2.6 | 2.1 | |
F | 23 | 10 | A | WMH | 7 | 2 | 35 | 0.1 | 21 | 0.1 | 25 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 1.9 | 0.9 | |
F | 39 | 15 | A | WMH | 7 | 2 | 30 | 0.1 | 19 | 0.2 | np | 0.3 | na | na | ||
M | 77 | 14 | T | TPO_h | 7 | 2 | 26 | 0.1 | 24 | 0.2 | 25 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
mean ± sd | 6:5 | 47 ± 18 | 15 ± 5 | 6 ± 1 | 2 ± 0.3 | 36 ± 20 | 24 ± 15 | 0.1 | 0.6 | 0.4 | ||||||
p-value | 0.97 | 0.9 | 0.2 | 0.7 | 0.5 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.001 | 0.2 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.8 |
Task | Interaction | Theta (F p) | Alpha (F p) | Beta (F p) | Gamma (F p) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
VMI | condition × group F(2 64) | 0.08 | 32 | <0.0001 | 26 | <0.0001 | 0.1 | ||
electrode × group F(10 320) | 40 | <0.0001 | 34 | <0.0001 | 22 | <0.0001 | 43 | <0.0001 | |
condition × electrode F(5 160) | 22 | <0.0001 | 66 | <0.0001 | 65 | <0.0001 | 22 | <0.0001 | |
condition × group × electrode F(10 320) | 37 | <0.0001 | 28 | <0.0001 | 25 | <0.0001 | 40 | <0.0001 | |
simple-MI | condition × group F(2 64) | np | 8.2 | 0.0004 | 9.2 | 0.0003 | np | ||
advanced-MI | condition × group F(2 38) | >0.1 | 11 | <0.0001 | 11 | <0.0001 | >0.1 | ||
electrode × group F(10 190) | >0.1 | 4.1 | <0.0001 | 3.6 | 0.0002 | >0.1 | |||
condition × electrode F(5 95) | >0.1 | 7.6 | <0.0001 | 6.7 | <0.0001 | >0.1 | |||
condition × group × electrode F(10 190) | >0.1 | 4.6 | <0.0001 | 4.7 | <0.0001 | >0.1 |
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Naro, A.; Calabrò, R.S. Towards New Diagnostic Approaches in Disorders of Consciousness: A Proof of Concept Study on the Promising Use of Imagery Visuomotor Task. Brain Sci. 2020, 10, 746. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100746
Naro A, Calabrò RS. Towards New Diagnostic Approaches in Disorders of Consciousness: A Proof of Concept Study on the Promising Use of Imagery Visuomotor Task. Brain Sciences. 2020; 10(10):746. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100746
Chicago/Turabian StyleNaro, Antonino, and Rocco Salvatore Calabrò. 2020. "Towards New Diagnostic Approaches in Disorders of Consciousness: A Proof of Concept Study on the Promising Use of Imagery Visuomotor Task" Brain Sciences 10, no. 10: 746. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100746