The 12-Item Self-Rating Questionnaire for Depressive Mixed State (DMX-12) for Screening of Mixed Depression and Mixed Features
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Subjects and Methods
2.1. Subjects
2.2. Assessments and Statistics
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
References
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Mixed Depression | Mixed Features | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present (n = 43) | Absent (n = 147) | p | Present (n = 8) | Absent (n = 182) | p | |
Age (years) | 40.1 ± 17.3 | 44.6 ± 17.8 | 0.121 | 43.5 ± 20.7 | 43.5 ± 17.7 | 0.885 |
Female gender (%) | 67.4% | 60.5% | 0.412 | 62.5% | 62.1% | 1.000 |
Number of mood episodes | 4.0 ± 3.5 | 2.9 ± 2.9 | 0.022 | 6.3 ± 4.1 | 3.0 ± 2.9 | 0.012 |
Duration of illness (year) | 7.8 ± 8.6 | 6.5 ± 7.7 | 0.265 | 9.9 ± 7.9 | 6.7 ± 7.9 | 0.188 |
High education level (%) | 37.2% | 38.8% | 0.828 | 62.5% | 37.4% | 0.264 |
Bipolarity (%) | 48.8% | 21.1% | 0.001 | 75.0% | 25.3% | 0.006 |
DMX-12 (total score) | 22.9 ± 5.8 | 17.0 ± 8.0 | 0.001 | 24.4 ± 7.7 | 18.1 ± 7.9 | 0.034 |
Mixed Depression (MD) | Mixed Features (MF) | |
---|---|---|
Vulnerable responsiveness | ||
Hypersensitivity | 0.591 | 0.410 |
→Overreactivity | 0.692 | 0.665 |
Spontaneous instability | ||
Distractibility | 0.586 | 0.486 |
Mood lability | 0.581 | 0.622 |
Restlessness | 0.590 | 0.644 |
→Inner tension | 0.641 | 0.630 |
→Racing/crowded thought | 0.634 | 0.645 |
→Impulsivity | 0.651 | 0.786 |
Disruptive emotion/behavior | ||
→Irritability | 0.645 | 0.671 |
→Aggression | 0.650 | 0.728 |
→Risk-taking behavior | 0.651 | 0.804 |
→Dysphoria | 0.713 | 0.644 |
Cut-Off (Positive Ratio %) | Sensitivity | Specificity | PPV | NPV | AUC of ROC | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mixed depression | ||||||
Total score of the DMX-12 | ≥19 (47.9%) | 0.767 | 0.605 | 0.363 | .899 | 0.720 |
4 symptoms of disruptive emotion/behavior subscale | ≥4 (50.5%) | 0.814 | 0.585 | 0.365 | 0.915 | 0.741 |
8 symptoms selected for screening of DMX | ≥13 (40.5%) | 0.744 | 0.694 | 0.416 | 0.903 | 0.752 |
Mixed features | ||||||
Total score of the DMX-12 | ≥23 (34.2%) | 0.750 | 0.676 | 0.092 | 0.984 | 0.722 |
4 symptoms of disruptive emotion/behavior subscale | ≥7 (24.7%) | 0.750 | 0.775 | 0.128 | 0.986 | 0.791 |
8 symptoms selected for screening of DMX | ≥13 (40.5%) | 0.875 | 0.615 | 0.091 | 0.991 | 0.789 |
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Shinzato, H.; Zamami, Y.; Kondo, T. The 12-Item Self-Rating Questionnaire for Depressive Mixed State (DMX-12) for Screening of Mixed Depression and Mixed Features. Brain Sci. 2020, 10, 678. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100678
Shinzato H, Zamami Y, Kondo T. The 12-Item Self-Rating Questionnaire for Depressive Mixed State (DMX-12) for Screening of Mixed Depression and Mixed Features. Brain Sciences. 2020; 10(10):678. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100678
Chicago/Turabian StyleShinzato, Hotaka, Yu Zamami, and Tsuyoshi Kondo. 2020. "The 12-Item Self-Rating Questionnaire for Depressive Mixed State (DMX-12) for Screening of Mixed Depression and Mixed Features" Brain Sciences 10, no. 10: 678. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100678