Breastfeeding Duration Is Associated with Regional, but Not Global, Differences in White Matter Tracts
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants and Protocol
2.2. Infant Feeding Methods
2.3. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan Procedures
2.4. Anatomical and Diffusion Weighted Scan Acquisition
2.5. Anatomical Imaging Processing and Corpus Callosum Measurements
2.6. DTI Processing
2.7. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Breastfeeding Duration and CC Volume
3.2. Breastfeeding Duration and DTI
4. Discussion
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | Value |
---|---|
Age (Years) | 6.4 (1.6) |
Female (n, %) | 7 (36.8) |
Annual Income (Dollars; Thousands) | 92.5 (43) * |
Maternal Education (Years) | 17.4 (1.9) |
Parental Smoking (n, %) | 3 (15.8) |
Diagnosed ADD/ADHD (n, %) | 1 (5.3) |
Exclusive Breastfeeding (n, %) | 7 (36.8) |
Breastfeeding Duration (Months) | 9.9 (7.1) |
Exclusive Formula Feeding (n, %) | 2 (10.5) |
Characteristic | Total | Exclusively Breastfed | Any Formula |
---|---|---|---|
n | 16 | 7 | 9 |
Total CC Volume | 7353 (790) | 7287 (893) | 7405 (752) |
Anterior CC Volume | 2092 (263) | 2043 (352) | 2130 (181) |
Anterior-Central CC Volume | 942 (173) | 966 (92) | 924 (221) |
Central CC Volume | 948 (130) | 955 (117) | 943 (147) |
Posterior-Central CC Volume | 1200 (244) | 1114 (198) | 1266 (266) |
Posterior CC Volume | 2171 (344) | 2208 (258) | 2143 (412) |
eTIV | 1456 (109) | 1486 (102) | 1433 (114) |
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Bauer, C.E.; Lewis, J.W.; Brefczynski-Lewis, J.; Frum, C.; Schade, M.M.; Haut, M.W.; Montgomery-Downs, H.E. Breastfeeding Duration Is Associated with Regional, but Not Global, Differences in White Matter Tracts. Brain Sci. 2020, 10, 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10010019
Bauer CE, Lewis JW, Brefczynski-Lewis J, Frum C, Schade MM, Haut MW, Montgomery-Downs HE. Breastfeeding Duration Is Associated with Regional, but Not Global, Differences in White Matter Tracts. Brain Sciences. 2020; 10(1):19. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10010019
Chicago/Turabian StyleBauer, Christopher E., James W. Lewis, Julie Brefczynski-Lewis, Chris Frum, Margeaux M. Schade, Marc W. Haut, and Hawley E. Montgomery-Downs. 2020. "Breastfeeding Duration Is Associated with Regional, but Not Global, Differences in White Matter Tracts" Brain Sciences 10, no. 1: 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10010019
APA StyleBauer, C. E., Lewis, J. W., Brefczynski-Lewis, J., Frum, C., Schade, M. M., Haut, M. W., & Montgomery-Downs, H. E. (2020). Breastfeeding Duration Is Associated with Regional, but Not Global, Differences in White Matter Tracts. Brain Sciences, 10(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10010019