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Applied Sciences
Volume 16
Issue 1
10.3390/app16010409
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Article

Anthropometric Characteristics and Cardiorespiratory Capacity in Adults over 50 Years with Disabilities: Association and Differences According to Sex

by
Oier Berasategui
1,*,
Josu Ascondo
2,*,
Cristina Granados
2,3,
Aitor Iturricastillo
2,3,
Iker Garate
2,
Jon Mikel Picabea
4,
Elena Alonso
5 and
Javier Yanci
2,3
1
Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
2
Society, Sports and Physical Exercise Research Group (GIKAFIT), Physical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
3
Research Group in Physical Activity, Physical Exercise and Sport (AKTIBOki), Physical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
4
Physical Education and Sport Department, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
5
Disability Research Department, Fundación GaituzSport Fundazioa, 48004 Bilbao, Spain
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(1), 409; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010409 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 19 November 2025 / Revised: 28 December 2025 / Accepted: 29 December 2025 / Published: 30 December 2025
Versions Notes

Abstract

(1) Background: The Sustainable Development Goals highlight the importance of ensuring healthy lives and promoting well-being for all. Within this framework, it is essential to improve health outcomes for people with disabilities and to continue generating scientific evidence in this field. This study aimed to (I) analyze differences in anthropometric characteristics and cardiorespiratory fitness among adults with disabilities, and (II) analyze the association between anthropometric characteristics and cardiorespiratory fitness in the total sample and by sex. (2) Methods: Fifty-three adults over 50 years of age with disabilities participated in this study. Anthropometric measurements and the 6 min walk test (6MWT) were conducted, recording physical-physiological and mechanical variables (using heart rate monitors and Stryd devices). (3) Results: Significant differences were observed between men and women with disabilities in height (p < 0.001, ES = −1.10), hip-to-chest ratio (p < 0.05, ES = 0.75), mean heart rate (p < 0.05, ES = 0.67), and absolute minimum power (p < 0.05, ES = 0.64) achieved during the 6MWT. A significant correlation was found between anthropometric characteristics and 6MWT performance across the entire sample (r = −0.29 to −0.67, p < 0.05). Among women, these characteristics were associated with distance covered (r =−0.35 to −0.42, p < 0.05), whereas in men, they were associated with relative power (r =−0.60 to −0.83, p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: The findings suggest that, in this sample, anthropometric characteristics are associated with specific 6MWT performance variables, with patterns differing by sex.
Keywords: anthropometry; cardiovascular capacity; health; disability; gender anthropometry; cardiovascular capacity; health; disability; gender

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MDPI and ACS Style

Berasategui, O.; Ascondo, J.; Granados, C.; Iturricastillo, A.; Garate, I.; Picabea, J.M.; Alonso, E.; Yanci, J. Anthropometric Characteristics and Cardiorespiratory Capacity in Adults over 50 Years with Disabilities: Association and Differences According to Sex. Appl. Sci. 2026, 16, 409. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010409

AMA Style

Berasategui O, Ascondo J, Granados C, Iturricastillo A, Garate I, Picabea JM, Alonso E, Yanci J. Anthropometric Characteristics and Cardiorespiratory Capacity in Adults over 50 Years with Disabilities: Association and Differences According to Sex. Applied Sciences. 2026; 16(1):409. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010409

Chicago/Turabian Style

Berasategui, Oier, Josu Ascondo, Cristina Granados, Aitor Iturricastillo, Iker Garate, Jon Mikel Picabea, Elena Alonso, and Javier Yanci. 2026. "Anthropometric Characteristics and Cardiorespiratory Capacity in Adults over 50 Years with Disabilities: Association and Differences According to Sex" Applied Sciences 16, no. 1: 409. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010409

APA Style

Berasategui, O., Ascondo, J., Granados, C., Iturricastillo, A., Garate, I., Picabea, J. M., Alonso, E., & Yanci, J. (2026). Anthropometric Characteristics and Cardiorespiratory Capacity in Adults over 50 Years with Disabilities: Association and Differences According to Sex. Applied Sciences, 16(1), 409. https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010409

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