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Applied Sciences
Volume 15
Issue 17
10.3390/app15179511
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Review

Customized Maxillary Skeletal Expander—Literature Review and Presentation of a New Digital Approach for Planning, Fabrication and Delivery

by
Oana Cella Andrei
1,†,
Mirela Ileana Dinescu
2,†,
Gabriela Ciavoi
3,*,
Liana Todor
3,
Ioana Scrobotă
3,
Cătălina Farcaşiu
4,*,
Georgiana Ioana Potra Cicalău
3,
Abel Emanuel Moca
3 and
Adriana Bisoc
1
1
Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 010232 Bucharest, Romania
2
Ortholand, 031403 Bucharest, Romania
3
Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
4
Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 010232 Bucharest, Romania
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(17), 9511; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15179511 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 14 February 2025 / Revised: 26 August 2025 / Accepted: 28 August 2025 / Published: 29 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Operative Dentistry)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The Maxillary Skeletal Expander (MSE) is used for maxillary expansion in adolescents and young adults. Virtual planning using 3D models, CBCT and 3D printers help in case selection, appliance design and fabrication. Using the proposed digital workflow, the accuracy of the patient selection phase and appliance delivery are increased, and the required number of visits to the clinic is decreased. The MSE serves as a guide for the insertion of mini-implants, reducing the number of appointments needed for installation. (1) Introduction: Mini-Implant-Assisted Rapid Palatal Expansion (MARPE) appliances, like the MSE, decrease the side effects that regular tooth-anchored appliances have on dental and periodontal structures, especially for skeletally mature patients, combining palatal anchorage with dental support for guidance. The digital planning of the insertion sites, length and angulation of the mini screws, and the fabrication of the 3D-printed appliance that stands as a mini-implant insertion guide give an undeniable precision. (2) Materials and methods: The laboratory steps used in the digital design and fabrication, and clinical steps needed for the insertion protocol are described. (3) Discussions: The individual assessment of the anatomical structures and the use of virtual integrated dental impressions and CBCT increase the accuracy of diagnosis, appliance fabrication and treatment progress. Implementing a digital workflow for mini-implant-supported expansion is a real advantage for both dental teams and patients. (4) Conclusions: The wide range of advantages and the ease of the process support the introduction of this digital workflow in every orthodontic practice.
Keywords: digital orthodontics; maxillary skeletal expander; palatal expansion; mini-implant-assisted rapid palatal expansion; virtual planning digital orthodontics; maxillary skeletal expander; palatal expansion; mini-implant-assisted rapid palatal expansion; virtual planning

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MDPI and ACS Style

Andrei, O.C.; Dinescu, M.I.; Ciavoi, G.; Todor, L.; Scrobotă, I.; Farcaşiu, C.; Potra Cicalău, G.I.; Moca, A.E.; Bisoc, A. Customized Maxillary Skeletal Expander—Literature Review and Presentation of a New Digital Approach for Planning, Fabrication and Delivery. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 9511. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15179511

AMA Style

Andrei OC, Dinescu MI, Ciavoi G, Todor L, Scrobotă I, Farcaşiu C, Potra Cicalău GI, Moca AE, Bisoc A. Customized Maxillary Skeletal Expander—Literature Review and Presentation of a New Digital Approach for Planning, Fabrication and Delivery. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(17):9511. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15179511

Chicago/Turabian Style

Andrei, Oana Cella, Mirela Ileana Dinescu, Gabriela Ciavoi, Liana Todor, Ioana Scrobotă, Cătălina Farcaşiu, Georgiana Ioana Potra Cicalău, Abel Emanuel Moca, and Adriana Bisoc. 2025. "Customized Maxillary Skeletal Expander—Literature Review and Presentation of a New Digital Approach for Planning, Fabrication and Delivery" Applied Sciences 15, no. 17: 9511. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15179511

APA Style

Andrei, O. C., Dinescu, M. I., Ciavoi, G., Todor, L., Scrobotă, I., Farcaşiu, C., Potra Cicalău, G. I., Moca, A. E., & Bisoc, A. (2025). Customized Maxillary Skeletal Expander—Literature Review and Presentation of a New Digital Approach for Planning, Fabrication and Delivery. Applied Sciences, 15(17), 9511. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15179511

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