Testing Concrete for the Construction of Winemaking Tanks

Anastasiou, Eleftherios K.; Liapis, Alexandros; Tsardaka, Εirini-Chrysanthi; Chortis, Alexandros; Gerovassiliou, Argyris

doi:10.3390/app15147816

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Open AccessArticle

Testing Concrete for the Construction of Winemaking Tanks

by

Eleftherios K. Anastasiou

^1,*

,

Alexandros Liapis

¹

,

Εirini-Chrysanthi Tsardaka

¹

,

Alexandros Chortis

¹ and

Argyris Gerovassiliou

²

¹

Department of Civil Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece

²

Gerovassiliou Estate, 57500 Epanomi, Greece

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(14), 7816; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15147816

Submission received: 17 May 2025 / Revised: 30 June 2025 / Accepted: 9 July 2025 / Published: 11 July 2025

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Concrete Technologies and Applications)

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The present work can find direct application in the process of producing concrete winemaking tanks.

Abstract

This work focuses on the design of concrete for the construction of winemaking tanks, as well as coating behaviour and stability of the systems in wine immersion. More specifically, alternative laboratory concrete mixtures were investigated by replacing cement with natural pozzolan and using silicate aggregates and quartz sand as filler in order to obtain self-compacting concrete of strength class C 20/25. The optimal mixture was selected and further tests were carried out on the mechanical properties of permeability, durability and thermal conductivity. Three coatings and plain concrete were tested for their leachability of heavy metals in wine. The results show that the selected composition with 20% cement replacement by natural pozzolan has the desired workability and strength and is comparable to a reference concrete without natural pozzolan. The leachability tests show that heavy metals do not leach out upon contact with wine, but only calcium and potassium oxide, which can be easily addressed by coating or treating the surface of the concrete. Also, the optimum coating did not influence the pH of the wine.

Keywords: self-compacting concrete; mechanical properties of concrete; concrete durability; concrete leachability

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MDPI and ACS Style

Anastasiou, E.K.; Liapis, A.; Tsardaka, Ε.-C.; Chortis, A.; Gerovassiliou, A. Testing Concrete for the Construction of Winemaking Tanks. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 7816. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15147816

AMA Style

Anastasiou EK, Liapis A, Tsardaka Ε-C, Chortis A, Gerovassiliou A. Testing Concrete for the Construction of Winemaking Tanks. Applied Sciences. 2025; 15(14):7816. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15147816

Chicago/Turabian Style

Anastasiou, Eleftherios K., Alexandros Liapis, Εirini-Chrysanthi Tsardaka, Alexandros Chortis, and Argyris Gerovassiliou. 2025. "Testing Concrete for the Construction of Winemaking Tanks" Applied Sciences 15, no. 14: 7816. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15147816

APA Style

Anastasiou, E. K., Liapis, A., Tsardaka, Ε.-C., Chortis, A., & Gerovassiliou, A. (2025). Testing Concrete for the Construction of Winemaking Tanks. Applied Sciences, 15(14), 7816. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15147816

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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